Metadata about: Upper respiratory tract is the primary site of SARS-CoV-2 replication. Releasing of pro and anti-inflammatory mediators plays an important role in the immunopathogenesis of Coronavirus Disease 2019 (COVID-19). The aim of this study was to evaluate the early inflammatory response in upper airway by measuring of IFN-γ, TGF-β1 and RANTES at mRNA level. Forty five SARS-CoV-2 infected patients were enrolled, whose were divided in two groups: asymptomatic and symptomatic. Twenty healthy persons, SARS-CoV-2 negative were included as controls. Higher IFN-γ expression was detected in SARS-CoV-2 infected patients in comparison with controls (p = 0,0393). IFN-γ expression was increased in symptomatic patients (p = 0,0165). TGF-β1 and RANTES expressions were lower in SARS-CoV-2 infected patients than controls (p < 0,0001; p = 0,0011, respectively). A significant correlation between IFN-γ and TGF-β1 was observed in SARS-CoV-2 asymptomatic patients (r = +0,61, p = 0,0014). The findings suggest that imbalance between IFN-γ and TGF-β1 expression could be an impact in clinical expression of SARS-CoV-2 infection.

About: Upper respiratory tract is the primary site of SARS-CoV-2 replication. Releasing of pro and anti-inflammatory mediators plays an important role in the immunopathogenesis of Coronavirus Disease 2019 (COVID-19). The aim of this study was to evaluate the early inflammatory response in upper airway by measuring of IFN-γ, TGF-β1 and RANTES at mRNA level. Forty five SARS-CoV-2 infected patients were enrolled, whose were divided in two groups: asymptomatic and symptomatic. Twenty healthy persons, SARS-CoV-2 negative were included as controls. Higher IFN-γ expression was detected in SARS-CoV-2 infected patients in comparison with controls (p = 0,0393). IFN-γ expression was increased in symptomatic patients (p = 0,0165). TGF-β1 and RANTES expressions were lower in SARS-CoV-2 infected patients than controls (p < 0,0001; p = 0,0011, respectively). A significant correlation between IFN-γ and TGF-β1 was observed in SARS-CoV-2 asymptomatic patients (r = +0,61, p = 0,0014). The findings suggest that imbalance between IFN-γ and TGF-β1 expression could be an impact in clinical expression of SARS-CoV-2 infection.

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