William C. Hsiao (simplified Chinese: 萧庆伦; traditional Chinese: 蕭慶倫; pinyin: Xiāo Qìnglún; born January 17, 1936), an American economist, is the K.T. Li Research Professor of Economics at the Harvard T.H. Chan School of Public Health in Boston, Massachusetts. He is internationally recognized for his work on health care financing and social insurance. Hsiao is a graduate of Ohio Wesleyan University and received his PhD in economics from Harvard University. He is a member of the National Academy of Medicine, the Society of Actuaries, and the National Academy of Social Insurance.