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布韋號戰艦 Bouvet French battleship Bouvet ブーヴェ (戦艦) Bouvet (cuirassé) Bouvet (nave da battaglia) Bouvet (Schiff, 1898) Bouvet (couraçado) Bouvet (1893) Bouvet (1896)
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布韋號戰艦(法語:Bouvet)是法國海軍所建造的前無畏艦,其艦名來自法國前海軍上將,本艦於1893年1月16日在,並於1896年4月27日時,最後在1898年6月正式服役。布韋號與查理·馬特號、卡諾號、若雷吉貝里號}、馬塞納號等4艦極為相似,這5艦是法國海軍為了回應英國而建造的,但因設計上由不同的工程師來主導方案,造成每艘艦有些許差異,最後這5艘艦並未被列入同一船級。如同先前4艘艦,布韋號的主要武器由2門與2門組成,這4門火砲皆以單裝方式配置在砲塔內。艦體排水量落在12,007公噸(11,817長噸;13,235短噸),整個推進系統可提供15,000匹指示馬力(11,000千瓦特)的動力,使最大航速可達17.8節(33.0公里每小時;20.5英里每小時),這讓布韋號成為當時世界上最快的戰艦之一。布韋號後來證明是5艘準同型艦中設計最成功的軍艦,後來的查理曼級戰艦即依此為基礎改進而來。然而布韋號仍有著設計缺陷存在,這些缺陷使得本艦的航海穩定性低落,並還成為1915年船難時迅速沉沒的主因。 Bouvet – francuski pancernik (przeddrednot) z końca XIX wieku. Był jedną z pięciu podobnych do siebie jednostek zamówionych w ramach programu rozbudowy floty francuskiej z 1890 roku (prócz niego były to: „Charles Martel”, „Carnot”, „Jauréguiberry” i „Masséna”). Okręt wypierał 12 205 ton, a jego główną artylerię stanowiły dwa działa kalibru 305 mm i dwa kalibru 274 mm, uzupełniane przez osiem dział kal. 138 mm i osiem kal. 100 mm. Zwodowany 27 kwietnia 1896 roku w stoczni Arsenal de Lorient w Lorient, został przyjęty do służby w Marine nationale 27 lipca 1898 roku. Nazwę otrzymał na cześć wadm. . Służył na Morzu Śródziemnym i Oceanie Atlantyckim, biorąc udział w I wojnie światowej. „Bouvet” zatonął 18 marca 1915 roku podczas operacji opanowania Dardaneli po wejściu na minę, a na jego pokład Bouvet was a pre-dreadnought battleship of the French Navy that was built in the 1890s. She was a member of a group of five broadly similar battleships, along with Charles Martel, Jauréguiberry, Carnot, and Masséna, which were ordered in response to the British Royal Sovereign class. Bouvet was the last vessel of the group to be built, and her design was based on that of Charles Martel. Like her half-sisters, she was armed with a main battery of two 305 mm (12 in) guns and two 274 mm (10.8 in) guns in individual turrets. She had a top speed of 18 knots (33 km/h; 21 mph), which made her one of the fastest battleships in the world at the time. Bouvet proved to be the most successful design of the five, and she was used as the basis for the subsequent Charlemagne class. Nevertheless, she su Die Bouvet war ein Linienschiff der französischen Marine, das 1896 vom Stapel lief und im Ersten Weltkrieg 1915 in den Dardanellen nach einem Minentreffer sank. Auf ihr fanden 660 Seeleute den Tod. O Bouvet foi um couraçado pré-dreadnought operado pela Marinha Nacional Francesa, membro de um grupo de cinco navios semelhantes entre si que também tinha o Charles Martel, Carnot, Jauréguiberry e Masséna. Sua construção começou em janeiro de 1893 na Arsenal de Lorient e foi lançado ao mar em abril de 1896, sendo comissionado na frota francesa em junho de 1898. Era armado com uma bateria principal composta por dois canhões de 305 milímetros montados em duas torres de artilharia únicas e dois canhões de 274 milímetros também em duas torres únicas, tinha um deslocamento de mais de doze mil toneladas e conseguia alcançar uma velocidade máxima de dezoito nós. La Bouvet fu una nave da battaglia pre-dreadnought della Marine nationale francese, unica della sua classe, entrata in servizio nel giugno 1898. Attiva nelle fasi iniziali della prima guerra mondiale, la nave prese parte alle operazioni navali nei Dardanelli finendo affondata il 18 marzo 1915 per l'urto con una mina. «Буве» (фр. Bouvet) — эскадренный броненосец военно-морских сил Франции. Пятый и последний броненосец типа «Шарль Мартель». Назван в честь французского адмирала, участника Революционных и Наполеоновских войн Франсуа-Жосефа Буве. Корабль был заложен в июле 1891, спущен на воду в июле 1894 и вступил в строй в июле 1897 года. Был последним в серии из пяти, «Шарль Мартель», «Карно», «Массена», «Жорегиберри», «Бувэ», формально относящихся к единому классу, но существенно отличающихся деталями конструкции броненосцев, построенных для ВМС Франции в 1890-х годах. Le Bouvet était un cuirassé de génération pré-Dreadnought de la Marine française, lancé en 1896 et coulé par une mine le 18 mars 1915 durant la bataille des Dardanelles, pendant la Première Guerre mondiale. Son nom vient de Jean-Baptiste Charles Bouvet de Lozier qui découvrit l'île Bouvet en janvier 1739, de l'amiral François Joseph Bouvet de Précourt, compagnon de Suffren avec son père Joseph René, et surtout de l'amiral Pierre François Henri Étienne Bouvet de la Maisonneuve qui se rendit célèbre lors du « combat du Grand Port » à l'Île-de-France (Maurice), le 20 août 1810. ブーヴェ (Bouvet) は、フランス海軍が建造した前弩級戦艦であるが、フランス海軍では依然として装甲艦も戦艦も「艦隊装甲艦」と呼称しており区別はしていない。名はフランスの海軍提督(François Joseph Bouvet)にちなむ。 Bouvet byl predreadnought francouzského námořnictva. Byl posledním ze skupiny pěti příbuzných plavidel v konstrukční linii tvořené plavidly Charles Martel, Carnot, Jauréguiberry, Masséna a Bouvet. Ve službě byl v letech 1898–1915. Účastnil se bitvy o Gallipoli, kde byl 18. března 1915 několikrát zasažen osmanským dělostřelectvem a ještě najel na minu. Po jejím výbuchu se plavidlo během dvou minut potopilo.
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O Bouvet foi um couraçado pré-dreadnought operado pela Marinha Nacional Francesa, membro de um grupo de cinco navios semelhantes entre si que também tinha o Charles Martel, Carnot, Jauréguiberry e Masséna. Sua construção começou em janeiro de 1893 na Arsenal de Lorient e foi lançado ao mar em abril de 1896, sendo comissionado na frota francesa em junho de 1898. Era armado com uma bateria principal composta por dois canhões de 305 milímetros montados em duas torres de artilharia únicas e dois canhões de 274 milímetros também em duas torres únicas, tinha um deslocamento de mais de doze mil toneladas e conseguia alcançar uma velocidade máxima de dezoito nós. O projeto do Bouvet foi o mais bem-sucedido de todos os cinco navios e ele serviu de base para a sucessora Classe Charlemagne, mas mesmo assim sofria de problemas de instabilidade. Ele teve uma carreira em tempos de paz relativamente tranquila e passou a maior parte do período atuando na Esquadra do Mediterrâneo e realizando exercícios de rotina. O navio mesmo assim envolveu-se em uma colisão com o couraçado Gaulois em 1903 e depois ajudou na resposta a uma erupção do Monte Vesúvio em 1906. Foi tirado do serviço ativo no ano seguinte e passou a atuar na frota de treinamento, porém voltou para a ativa em julho de 1914 depois do início da Primeira Guerra Mundial. O Bouvet escoltou comboios de tropas francesas do Norte da África para o sul da França no primeiro mês do conflito. Depois disso realizou patrulhas pelo Mediterrâneo junto com vários outros navios e então atuou como navio de guarda no Canal de Suez no final do ano. Em seguida o couraçado participou de uma série de ataques contra fortificações otomanas no Estreito de Dardanelos no início de 1915, durante a Campanha de Galípoli, culminando em um grande ataque no dia 18 de março. Neste, o Bouvet foi atingido oito vezes por disparos otomanos e bateu em uma mina naval enquanto virava para recuar, afundando em apenas dois minutos, com a maior parte de sua tripulação morrendo. Die Bouvet war ein Linienschiff der französischen Marine, das 1896 vom Stapel lief und im Ersten Weltkrieg 1915 in den Dardanellen nach einem Minentreffer sank. Auf ihr fanden 660 Seeleute den Tod. La Bouvet fu una nave da battaglia pre-dreadnought della Marine nationale francese, unica della sua classe, entrata in servizio nel giugno 1898. Attiva nelle fasi iniziali della prima guerra mondiale, la nave prese parte alle operazioni navali nei Dardanelli finendo affondata il 18 marzo 1915 per l'urto con una mina. Bouvet byl predreadnought francouzského námořnictva. Byl posledním ze skupiny pěti příbuzných plavidel v konstrukční linii tvořené plavidly Charles Martel, Carnot, Jauréguiberry, Masséna a Bouvet. Ve službě byl v letech 1898–1915. Účastnil se bitvy o Gallipoli, kde byl 18. března 1915 několikrát zasažen osmanským dělostřelectvem a ještě najel na minu. Po jejím výbuchu se plavidlo během dvou minut potopilo. «Буве» (фр. Bouvet) — эскадренный броненосец военно-морских сил Франции. Пятый и последний броненосец типа «Шарль Мартель». Назван в честь французского адмирала, участника Революционных и Наполеоновских войн Франсуа-Жосефа Буве. Корабль был заложен в июле 1891, спущен на воду в июле 1894 и вступил в строй в июле 1897 года. Был последним в серии из пяти, «Шарль Мартель», «Карно», «Массена», «Жорегиберри», «Бувэ», формально относящихся к единому классу, но существенно отличающихся деталями конструкции броненосцев, построенных для ВМС Франции в 1890-х годах. «Буве» провел большую часть службы в средиземноморском и северном подразделениях Французского флота, регулярно участвуя в ежегодных широкомасштабных манёврах. В начале Первой мировой войны броненосец сопровождал конвои из Северной Африки во Францию. Вскоре он присоединился к эскадре союзников для участия в Дарданелльской операции. 18 марта 1915 года, во время артиллерийского обстрела турецких фортов «Буве» получил несколько попаданий, на нём была разбита часть казематов и выведена из строя носовая башня из-за поломки системы продувки ствола. На броненосце начались пожары. Около 13:54 в «Буве» попал 356-мм снаряд, затем произошёл взрыв пороховых погребов и корабль затонул в течение двух минут. При этом погибли 639 членов экипажа, включая командира, капитана 1-го ранга Де ла Туша. Пришедшие на помощь эсминцы спасли только 48 человек. По другой версии, причиной гибели корабля стал подрыв на минном заграждении, скрытно выставленном турецким минным заградителем «Нусрет» в ночь с 7 на 8 марта. В тот день также были потоплены два британских броненосца. Эти потери убедили союзников в невозможности прорыва флота через Дарданеллы без поддержки сухопутных сил, что привело к принятию решения о высадке десанта и проведения наземной операции на полуострове Галлиполи. ブーヴェ (Bouvet) は、フランス海軍が建造した前弩級戦艦であるが、フランス海軍では依然として装甲艦も戦艦も「艦隊装甲艦」と呼称しており区別はしていない。名はフランスの海軍提督(François Joseph Bouvet)にちなむ。 Bouvet – francuski pancernik (przeddrednot) z końca XIX wieku. Był jedną z pięciu podobnych do siebie jednostek zamówionych w ramach programu rozbudowy floty francuskiej z 1890 roku (prócz niego były to: „Charles Martel”, „Carnot”, „Jauréguiberry” i „Masséna”). Okręt wypierał 12 205 ton, a jego główną artylerię stanowiły dwa działa kalibru 305 mm i dwa kalibru 274 mm, uzupełniane przez osiem dział kal. 138 mm i osiem kal. 100 mm. Zwodowany 27 kwietnia 1896 roku w stoczni Arsenal de Lorient w Lorient, został przyjęty do służby w Marine nationale 27 lipca 1898 roku. Nazwę otrzymał na cześć wadm. . Służył na Morzu Śródziemnym i Oceanie Atlantyckim, biorąc udział w I wojnie światowej. „Bouvet” zatonął 18 marca 1915 roku podczas operacji opanowania Dardaneli po wejściu na minę, a na jego pokładzie zginęło ponad 600 osób. 布韋號戰艦(法語:Bouvet)是法國海軍所建造的前無畏艦,其艦名來自法國前海軍上將,本艦於1893年1月16日在,並於1896年4月27日時,最後在1898年6月正式服役。布韋號與查理·馬特號、卡諾號、若雷吉貝里號}、馬塞納號等4艦極為相似,這5艦是法國海軍為了回應英國而建造的,但因設計上由不同的工程師來主導方案,造成每艘艦有些許差異,最後這5艘艦並未被列入同一船級。如同先前4艘艦,布韋號的主要武器由2門與2門組成,這4門火砲皆以單裝方式配置在砲塔內。艦體排水量落在12,007公噸(11,817長噸;13,235短噸),整個推進系統可提供15,000匹指示馬力(11,000千瓦特)的動力,使最大航速可達17.8節(33.0公里每小時;20.5英里每小時),這讓布韋號成為當時世界上最快的戰艦之一。布韋號後來證明是5艘準同型艦中設計最成功的軍艦,後來的查理曼級戰艦即依此為基礎改進而來。然而布韋號仍有著設計缺陷存在,這些缺陷使得本艦的航海穩定性低落,並還成為1915年船難時迅速沉沒的主因。 服役後的布韋號大多數時間在北方分艦隊(Escadre du Nord)與之間交替值勤,這段時期本艦多數時間都在進行例行訓練。服役期間儘管相對平靜,但在1903年演習期間仍與高盧人號戰艦發生相撞意外,事後2艦的艦長都被法國海軍解除指揮權。當義大利維蘇威火山於1906年爆發時,布韋號被指派前往救助當地的災民。1907年後,布韋號開始退居二線,並被編入訓練艦隊。不過直到1914年7月第一次世界大戰爆發時,布韋號是5艘準同型艦中仍繼續服役的唯一一艘艦。 由於法國陸軍有相當多的比例駐紮在法屬北非,因此在第一次世界大戰初期,法國開始調遣這些陸軍回到法國本土,而布韋號則是前往法屬北非護送來往於地中海間的運輸艦隊。隨著調遣作業於8月底完成後,布韋號與其它幾艘戰艦在地中海中部海域執行巡邏任務,阻止任何商船運送違禁品至同盟國。1914年11月至12月底期間,布韋號擔任並駐紮在蘇伊士運河北入口端,緊接著就被調往達達尼爾海峽。自1915年初開始,法國海軍集結多艘大型軍艦前往達達尼爾海峽,準備在此海域與英國艦隊發動作戰。在1915年2月19日至2月25日間的第一階段作戰中,布韋號與蘇弗朗號及高盧人號成功地壓制海峽口的鄂圖曼帝國防禦工事,接著兩艦於1915年3月18日加入總攻擊的戰鬥序列。3月18日的行動裡,雖然本艦被鄂圖曼的岸防砲命中8發,但沒有遭受致命傷害;然而布韋號卻在當天下午3點15分時誤觸水雷,並在災難發生2分鐘後迅速沉入海底,艦上710名船員只有約75人獲救,其餘人員皆在這場災難中殉職。當布韋號傾覆後,英國指揮官沒有認知到已駛入水雷區而接連損失與等兩艘戰艦,最後只得中途撤退。聯軍高層認知這次海戰損失過大,轉而派遣陸軍登陸加里波利半島來進攻君士坦丁堡。法國海軍接著在登陸作戰前,調遣亨利四世號來頂替已損失的布韋號。 Bouvet was a pre-dreadnought battleship of the French Navy that was built in the 1890s. She was a member of a group of five broadly similar battleships, along with Charles Martel, Jauréguiberry, Carnot, and Masséna, which were ordered in response to the British Royal Sovereign class. Bouvet was the last vessel of the group to be built, and her design was based on that of Charles Martel. Like her half-sisters, she was armed with a main battery of two 305 mm (12 in) guns and two 274 mm (10.8 in) guns in individual turrets. She had a top speed of 18 knots (33 km/h; 21 mph), which made her one of the fastest battleships in the world at the time. Bouvet proved to be the most successful design of the five, and she was used as the basis for the subsequent Charlemagne class. Nevertheless, she suffered from design flaws that reduced her stability and contributed to her loss in 1915. Bouvet spent the majority of her peacetime career in the Mediterranean Squadron conducting routine training exercises. This period was relatively uneventful, though she was involved in a collision with the battleship Gaulois in 1903 that saw both ships' captains relieved of command. In 1906, she assisted in the response to the eruption of Mount Vesuvius in Italy. Bouvet was withdrawn from front-line service in 1907 and thereafter used as part of the training fleet. The ship was the only vessel of her group of five half-sisters still in service at the outbreak of World War I in July 1914. A significant portion of the French Army was stationed in French North Africa, so at the start of the war, Bouvet and much of the rest of the fleet were used to escort troop convoys across to southern France. With this work done by late August, Bouvet and several other battleships were used to patrol for contraband shipments in the central Mediterranean. From November to late December, she was stationed as a guard ship at the northern entrance to the Suez Canal. The ship thereafter joined the naval operations off the Dardanelles, where she participated in a series of attacks on the Ottoman fortifications guarding the straits. These culminated in a major assault on 18 March 1915; during the attack, she was hit approximately eight times by shellfire but was not seriously damaged. While turning to withdraw, she struck a mine and sank within two minutes; only 75 men were rescued from a complement of 718. Two British battleships were also sunk by mines that day, and the disaster convinced the Allies to abandon the naval campaign in favor of an amphibious assault on the Gallipoli Peninsula. Le Bouvet était un cuirassé de génération pré-Dreadnought de la Marine française, lancé en 1896 et coulé par une mine le 18 mars 1915 durant la bataille des Dardanelles, pendant la Première Guerre mondiale. Le Bouvet avait une cuirasse de 100 mm au-dessus de la cuirasse de ceinture dont le can supérieur se situait 50 cm au-dessus de la ligne de flottaison, ce qui en faisait un cuirassé relativement bien protégé pour sa génération, au-dessus de la flottaison tout au moins. Son gros point faible, comme pour tous les cuirassés français de cette époque, se situait au-dessous de la flottaison. Le compartimentage de la coque était insuffisant et surtout mal conçu et mal disposé. Son nom vient de Jean-Baptiste Charles Bouvet de Lozier qui découvrit l'île Bouvet en janvier 1739, de l'amiral François Joseph Bouvet de Précourt, compagnon de Suffren avec son père Joseph René, et surtout de l'amiral Pierre François Henri Étienne Bouvet de la Maisonneuve qui se rendit célèbre lors du « combat du Grand Port » à l'Île-de-France (Maurice), le 20 août 1810.
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Top: Bouvets last moments after striking a mine in the Dardanelles Bottom: Bouvet capsizing
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--03-18
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300
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POINT(26.27499961853 40.020832061768)
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Sunk duringoperations off the Dardanelleson 18 March 1915
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dbr:Arsenal_de_Lorient
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June 1898
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* 31 officers * 591 enlisted men
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France
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1893-01-16
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1896-04-27
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Bouvet
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dbr:François_Joseph_Bouvet
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* 3 × triple-expansion steam engines * 3 × screw propellers
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dbr:Arsenal_de_Lorient
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* Belt: * Turrets: * Conning tower: * Deck:
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122.4
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21.4
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33.336
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1893-01-16
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1896-04-27
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