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          "Neuropsykiatrisk funktionsnedsättning",
          "Discapacidad mental",
          "Neurodevelopmental disorder",
          "اضطراب النمو العصبي",
          "Trastorn del neurodesenvolupament",
          "神經發展障礙",
          "Trouble du neurodéveloppement",
          "神経発達症",
          "Trastorno del desarrollo neurológico",
          "Disturbi del neurosviluppo" ] ,
        "http://www.w3.org/2000/01/rdf-schema#comment" : [ "El trastorno del desarrollo neurológico es un trastorno mental. El uso más limitado para el término se refiere a un trastorno de la función cerebral​ que afecta a las emociones, la capacidad de aprendizaje, el autocontrol y la memoria, y que se desarrolla a medida que el individuo crece. Los trastornos del desarrollo neurológico tienden a durar toda la vida de una persona.",
          "Neuropsykiatriska funktionsnedsättningar (NPF, även kallat neuropsykiatriska ) är i Sverige en vanlig samlingsbenämning på ett antal psykiatriska diagnoser som vanligen ställs under barndomsåren. Den vardagliga termen bokstavsdiagnoser syftar på ADHD, ADD och tidigare damp, vilka ingår i diagnosgruppen. Även det tidigare allmänt kända Aspergers syndrom ingår numera i NPF. Idag står inte terminologin funktionsvariation med i Socialstyrelsens termbank men begreppet används ändå av funkisrörelsen eller i media. Detta på grund av att uttrycket funktionsnedsatt kan upplevas som mer negativt laddat.",
          "Con disturbi del neurosviluppo si fa riferimento ad una serie di disturbi, elencati di seguito, ad esordio nel periodo dello sviluppo e con possibile permanenza in età adulta: \n* Disabilità intellettive \n* Disturbi della comunicazione \n* Disturbo dello spettro dell’autismo \n* Disturbo da deficit di attenzione/iperattività (ADHD) \n* Disturbo specifico dell’apprendimento \n* Disturbi del movimento \n* Spettro dei disturbi feto alcolici (FASD) Questi disturbi sono classificati nel manuale DSM-5.",
          "En psychiatrie, la notion de trouble du neurodéveloppement (TND), ou trouble neurodéveloppemental, se substitue en partie aux notions de trouble du développement présente dans le CIM-10 et de trouble envahissant du développement présente dans le DSM-IV. Elle inclut notamment le TDA/H, les TSA et troubles dys. En France, elle est utilisée dans plusieurs circulaires et lois à partir de 2018 par le gouvernement Philippe, notamment dans le cadre de la politique de l'autisme en France.",
          "神經發育障礙或神經發展障礙（Neurodevelopmental disorder）是影響神經系統發育的障礙類群，導致大腦功能異常，可能影響情绪、學習能力、自我管理及記憶。神經發育障礙對患者的影響常持續一輩子。 神經發育障礙一般出現於發育早期，經常在兒童就學之前，其特徵是大腦過程在發育時出現缺陷或異常，導致個體本身、社交、學業或職能上的功能受損。發育缺陷或異常的範圍很廣，從學習或控制某些具體功能時受到限制，到社交技能或智能全面受損都有。早期認為神經發育障礙可以明確定義，但是晚近測量症狀特徵的方法，是將一系列狀況及嚴重程度陳列出來，發育障礙與發育正常之間並沒有很明確的界限。因此疾病診斷要件是症狀及功能受損都必須出現。",
          "اضطرابات النمو العصبي هو ضعف النمو وتطور الدماغ أو الجهاز العصبي المركزي. يشير هذا المصطلح باختصار إلى اضطراب في وظيفة الدماغ التي تؤثر على العاطفة، القدرة على التعلم، وضبط النفس والذاكرة والتي تكشف عن نمو الفرد.",
          "Perturbações do neurodesenvolvimento (português europeu) ou transtornos do neurodesenvolvimento (português brasileiro), ou desordens neurodesenvolvimentais, são perturbações neurobiológicas que afetam a função cerebral e o desenvolvimento de uma criança. Geralmente afetam a cognição, comunicação, linguagem, coordenação motora, atenção, socialização, comportamento, aprendizagem escolar e autonomia. As mais comuns são perturbação do desenvolvimento intelectual, perturbação do espectro do autismo, , perturbação de défice de atenção e hiperatividade e perturbação da aprendizagem.",
          "Neurodevelopmental disorders are a group of disorders that affect the development of the nervous system, leading to abnormal brain function which may affect emotion, learning ability, self-control, and memory. The effects of neurodevelopmental disorders tend to last for a person's lifetime.",
          "Els trastorns del neurodesenvolupament són un conjunt d'afeccions mentals les quals produeixen alteracions en el desenvolupament de l'individu. Les deficiències afecten al funcionament personal, social, acadèmic i ocupacional. Les seves causes poden ser congènites (mutacions genètiques, defectes hereditaris del metabolisme), prenatals (infeccions o anomalies nutricionals maternes), perinatals (complicacions durant el part, en especial la hipòxia fetal) o postnatals (traumatisme cranioencefàlic, meningitis infecciosa o exposició del nounat a tòxics ambientals, per exemple). En certs casos, però, l'etiologia d'aquests trastorns és complexa i relacionable amb la interacció de diferents factors i de vegades no és possible determinar-la clarament. Sovint es manifesten ja en la infància i en com",
          "神経発達症群（しんけいはったつしょうぐん）、または神経発達障害群（しんけいはったつしょうがいぐん）（英: neurodevelopmental disorder）とは、精神障害の診断と統計マニュアル（DSM）で定義された脳・中枢神経系の成長発達に関する不全のカテゴリー群である。「症」か「障害」かについて、日本精神神経学会によると、どちらにするか議論があったとして両論併記をしている。 狭義では、発育に伴う感情、学習、セルフコントロールに関係する脳機能の不全を指す。この単語はときおり自閉症および自閉症スペクトラム障害以外の不全を指すものとして誤用されている。神経発達症の者が神経病理学的に異常が認められているのではなく、中枢神経系に異常があるかどうかは不明である。" ] ,
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        "http://dbpedia.org/ontology/abstract" : [ "神経発達症群（しんけいはったつしょうぐん）、または神経発達障害群（しんけいはったつしょうがいぐん）（英: neurodevelopmental disorder）とは、精神障害の診断と統計マニュアル（DSM）で定義された脳・中枢神経系の成長発達に関する不全のカテゴリー群である。「症」か「障害」かについて、日本精神神経学会によると、どちらにするか議論があったとして両論併記をしている。 狭義では、発育に伴う感情、学習、セルフコントロールに関係する脳機能の不全を指す。この単語はときおり自閉症および自閉症スペクトラム障害以外の不全を指すものとして誤用されている。神経発達症の者が神経病理学的に異常が認められているのではなく、中枢神経系に異常があるかどうかは不明である。",
          "اضطرابات النمو العصبي هو ضعف النمو وتطور الدماغ أو الجهاز العصبي المركزي. يشير هذا المصطلح باختصار إلى اضطراب في وظيفة الدماغ التي تؤثر على العاطفة، القدرة على التعلم، وضبط النفس والذاكرة والتي تكشف عن نمو الفرد.",
          "神經發育障礙或神經發展障礙（Neurodevelopmental disorder）是影響神經系統發育的障礙類群，導致大腦功能異常，可能影響情绪、學習能力、自我管理及記憶。神經發育障礙對患者的影響常持續一輩子。 神經發育障礙一般出現於發育早期，經常在兒童就學之前，其特徵是大腦過程在發育時出現缺陷或異常，導致個體本身、社交、學業或職能上的功能受損。發育缺陷或異常的範圍很廣，從學習或控制某些具體功能時受到限制，到社交技能或智能全面受損都有。早期認為神經發育障礙可以明確定義，但是晚近測量症狀特徵的方法，是將一系列狀況及嚴重程度陳列出來，發育障礙與發育正常之間並沒有很明確的界限。因此疾病診斷要件是症狀及功能受損都必須出現。",
          "Neurodevelopmental disorders are a group of disorders that affect the development of the nervous system, leading to abnormal brain function which may affect emotion, learning ability, self-control, and memory. The effects of neurodevelopmental disorders tend to last for a person's lifetime.",
          "Neuropsykiatriska funktionsnedsättningar (NPF, även kallat neuropsykiatriska ) är i Sverige en vanlig samlingsbenämning på ett antal psykiatriska diagnoser som vanligen ställs under barndomsåren. Den vardagliga termen bokstavsdiagnoser syftar på ADHD, ADD och tidigare damp, vilka ingår i diagnosgruppen. Även det tidigare allmänt kända Aspergers syndrom ingår numera i NPF. Begreppet neuropsykiatriska funktionsnedsättningar så som det används i Sverige har introducerats av professor Christopher Gillberg och används inte internationellt. Den internationella motsvarigheten är enligt DSM 5 \"neurodevelopmental disorders\" och det är det begrepp som används av American Psychiatric Association. Internationellt är neuropsykiatri studiet av sambanden mellan nervsystemet och psykiska sjukdomar och så har begreppet tidigare även använts i Sverige. Det förekommer dock att begreppet neurospsykiatri används om demenssjukdomars psykiatriska konsekvenser i Sverige, vilket ansluter till den internationella normen. Under senare år har Gillberg introducerat termen ESSENCE (Early Symptomatic Syndromes Eliciting Neurodevelopmental Clinical Examinations), vilket väsentligen motsvarar hans svenskspråkiga begrepp neuropsykiatriska funktionsnedsättningar. Den del av psykiatrin som diagnostiserar och behandlar dessa tillstånd kallas i Sverige för neuropsykiatri. Till de neuropsykiatriska diagnoserna brukar i Sverige räknas ADHD, ADD, autismspektrumstörning, autism och Tourettes syndrom. Ibland inräknas även tvångssyndrom som en neuropsykiatrisk diagnos. Damp var en svensk diagnos som utvecklades av Christopher Gillberg, som numera definieras som ADHD i kombination med störd utveckling av motorisk koordinationsförmåga (developmental coordination disorder, DCD). Personer med neuropsykiatriska funktionsnedsättningar kan bland annat ha svårigheter med socialt samspel samt även ha koncentrations- och inlärningssvårigheter. Intelligensen, definierad som intelligenskvot, är däremot inte påverkad. Diagnoserna, främst Gillbergs damp-diagnos, har från sociologiskt håll kritiserats för att vara vaga och för att inte tillräcklig ta hänsyn till olika sociala faktorer som uppväxtmiljöer och sociala problem. Diskussionen om damp-diagnosen pågick från 1996 till 2006. Personer som var inblandade inkluderar förutom Gillberg själv även Eva Kärfve och Leif Elinder. Idag står inte terminologin funktionsvariation med i Socialstyrelsens termbank men begreppet används ändå av funkisrörelsen eller i media. Detta på grund av att uttrycket funktionsnedsatt kan upplevas som mer negativt laddat.",
          "El trastorno del desarrollo neurológico es un trastorno mental. El uso más limitado para el término se refiere a un trastorno de la función cerebral​ que afecta a las emociones, la capacidad de aprendizaje, el autocontrol y la memoria, y que se desarrolla a medida que el individuo crece. Los trastornos del desarrollo neurológico tienden a durar toda la vida de una persona.",
          "Els trastorns del neurodesenvolupament són un conjunt d'afeccions mentals les quals produeixen alteracions en el desenvolupament de l'individu. Les deficiències afecten al funcionament personal, social, acadèmic i ocupacional. Les seves causes poden ser congènites (mutacions genètiques, defectes hereditaris del metabolisme), prenatals (infeccions o anomalies nutricionals maternes), perinatals (complicacions durant el part, en especial la hipòxia fetal) o postnatals (traumatisme cranioencefàlic, meningitis infecciosa o exposició del nounat a tòxics ambientals, per exemple). En certs casos, però, l'etiologia d'aquests trastorns és complexa i relacionable amb la interacció de diferents factors i de vegades no és possible determinar-la clarament. Sovint es manifesten ja en la infància i en comorbiditat amb d'altres. Alguns dels més coneguts són: \n* Discapacitat intel·lectual \n* Trastorns de la comunicació \n* Trastorn de l'espectre autista \n* Trastorn per dèficit d'atenció/hiperactivitat \n* Trastorn específic de l'aprenentatge \n* Trastorns motrius \n* Trastorns de la coordinació motora \n* Trastorns caracteritzats per moviments estereotipats \n* Trastorns caracteritzats per tics, incloent la síndrome de Tourette El maneig dels trastorns del neurodesenvolupament és multidisciplinari i depèn del tipus de trastorn i els símptomes que predominen en cada cas. Per regla general, inclou l'ús combinat de fàrmacs i de diverses teràpies no medicamentoses. Establir precoçment un programa adequat d'intervenció educativa pel pacient i els seus familiars és una eina terapèutica fonamental.",
          "En psychiatrie, la notion de trouble du neurodéveloppement (TND), ou trouble neurodéveloppemental, se substitue en partie aux notions de trouble du développement présente dans le CIM-10 et de trouble envahissant du développement présente dans le DSM-IV. Elle inclut notamment le TDA/H, les TSA et troubles dys. En France, elle est utilisée dans plusieurs circulaires et lois à partir de 2018 par le gouvernement Philippe, notamment dans le cadre de la politique de l'autisme en France.",
          "Perturbações do neurodesenvolvimento (português europeu) ou transtornos do neurodesenvolvimento (português brasileiro), ou desordens neurodesenvolvimentais, são perturbações neurobiológicas que afetam a função cerebral e o desenvolvimento de uma criança. Geralmente afetam a cognição, comunicação, linguagem, coordenação motora, atenção, socialização, comportamento, aprendizagem escolar e autonomia. As mais comuns são perturbação do desenvolvimento intelectual, perturbação do espectro do autismo, , perturbação de défice de atenção e hiperatividade e perturbação da aprendizagem.",
          "Con disturbi del neurosviluppo si fa riferimento ad una serie di disturbi, elencati di seguito, ad esordio nel periodo dello sviluppo e con possibile permanenza in età adulta: \n* Disabilità intellettive \n* Disturbi della comunicazione \n* Disturbo dello spettro dell’autismo \n* Disturbo da deficit di attenzione/iperattività (ADHD) \n* Disturbo specifico dell’apprendimento \n* Disturbi del movimento \n* Spettro dei disturbi feto alcolici (FASD) Questi disturbi sono classificati nel manuale DSM-5." ] ,
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