Discernible with Golgi impregnation or CoCl2 backfills (Stocker et al. 1990), but not with nc82/bruchtpilot immunolabelling, leading to it not being represented in antennal lobe maps (Laissue et al., 1999, Couto et al., 2005) or having its position changed relative to glomeruli VP1 and VP2 (Chou et al., 2010; Yu et al., 2010). According to Chou et al (2010) glomerulus VP3 is located laterally to glomerulus VP2. In Gallio et al (2011), glomerulus VP2 is described as corresponding to the lateral region of the proximal antennal protocerebrum (PAP).