About: SARS-CoV-2 infection, neuropathogenesis and transmission among deer mice: Implications for reverse zoonosis to New World rodents

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About: SARS-CoV-2 infection, neuropathogenesis and transmission among deer mice: Implications for reverse zoonosis to New World rodents Goto Sponge NotDistinct Permalink

An Entity of Type : schema:ScholarlyArticle, within Data Space : covidontheweb.inria.fr associated with source document(s)

Attributes	Values
type	Academic Article research paper schema:ScholarlyArticle
isDefinedBy	Covid-on-the-Web dataset
has title	SARS-CoV-2 infection, neuropathogenesis and transmission among deer mice: Implications for reverse zoonosis to New World rodents
Creator	Schountz, Tony Peersen, Olve Rovnak, Joel Aboellail, Tawfik Eckley, Miles Tjalkens, Ronald Ebel, Gregory Fagre, Anna Kading, Rebekah Sexton, Nicole Geiss, Brian Burke, Bradly Lewis, Juliette Rocha, Savannah Zhan, Shijun
Source	BioRxiv; Medline; PMC
abstract	Coronavirus disease-19 (COVID-19) emerged in November, 2019 in China and rapidly became pandemic. As with other coronaviruses, a preponderance of evidence suggests the virus originated in horseshoe bats (Rhinolophus spp.) and likely underwent a recombination event in an intermediate host prior to entry into human populations. A significant concern is that SARS-CoV-2 could become established in secondary reservoir hosts outside of Asia. To assess this potential, we challenged deer mice (Peromyscus maniculatus) with SARS-CoV-2 and found robust virus replication in the upper respiratory tract, lungs and intestines, with detectable viral RNA for up to 21 days in oral swabs and 14 days in lungs. Virus entry into the brain also occurred, likely via gustatory-olfactory-trigeminal pathway with eventual compromise to the blood brain barrier. Despite this, no conspicuous signs of disease were observed and no deer mice succumbed to infection. Expression of several innate immune response genes were elevated in the lungs, notably IFNα, Cxcl10, Oas2, Tbk1 and Pycard. Elevated CD4 and CD8β expression in the lungs was concomitant with Tbx21, IFNγ and IL-21 expression, suggesting a type I inflammatory immune response. Contact transmission occurred from infected to naive deer mice through two passages, showing sustained natural transmission. In the second deer mouse passage, an insertion of 4 amino acids occurred to fixation in the N-terminal domain of the spike protein that is predicted to form a solvent-accessible loop. Subsequent examination of the source virus from BEI Resources indicated the mutation was present at very low levels, demonstrating potent purifying selection for the insert during in vivo passage. Collectively, this work has determined that deer mice are a suitable animal model for the study of SARS-CoV-2 pathogenesis, and that they have the potential to serve as secondary reservoir hosts that could lead to periodic outbreaks of COVID-19 in North America.
has issue date	2020-08-07(xsd:dateTime)
bibo:doi	10.1101/2020.08.07.241810
bibo:pmid	32793912
has license	biorxiv
sha1sum (hex)	eded69b6a9ee23c06a984c81068003bbc156eef9
schema:url	https://doi.org/10.1101/2020.08.07.241810
resource representing a document's title	SARS-CoV-2 infection, neuropathogenesis and transmission among deer mice: Implications for reverse zoonosis to New World rodents
has PubMed Central identifier	PMC7418741
has PubMed identifier	32793912
schema:publication	bioRxiv
resource representing a document's body	covid:eded69b6a9ee23c06a984c81068003bbc156eef9#body_text
is schema:about of	named entity 'Asia' named entity 'deer' named entity 'upper respiratory tract' named entity 'amino acids' named entity 'demonstrating' named entity 'swabs' named entity 'passages' named entity 'prior' named entity 'Cxcl10' named entity 'vivo' named entity 'human populations' named entity 'transmission' named entity 'zoonosis' named entity 'LEVELS' named entity 'VIRUS ENTRY' named entity 'SUITABLE' named entity 'FIXATION' named entity 'NATURAL' named entity 'DEER MICE' named entity 'EXPRESSION' named entity 'PREDICTED' named entity 'ANIMAL MODEL' named entity 'NORTH AMERICA' named entity 'infection' named entity 'hosts' named entity 'replication' named entity 'CD4' named entity 'deer' named entity 'Coronavirus' named entity 'sustained' named entity 'fixation' named entity 'intestines' named entity 'mouse' named entity 'spike' named entity 'Despite' named entity 'reservoir hosts' named entity 'Pycard' named entity 'China' named entity 'inflammatory immune response' named entity 'signs of disease' named entity 'deer mice' named entity 'Rhinolophus' named entity 'COVID' named entity 'Virus entry' named entity 'purifying selection' named entity 'spike protein' named entity 'Oas2' named entity 'animal model' named entity 'olfactory' named entity 'IFNα' named entity 'reservoir hosts' named entity 'CD4' named entity 'infection' named entity 'virus replication' named entity 'N-terminal domain' named entity 'coronaviruses' named entity 'Tbk1' named entity 'COVID' named entity 'wild deer' named entity 'ACE2' named entity 'epitope' named entity 'virus' named entity 'blood vessels' named entity 'sensory losses' named entity 'SARS-CoV-2' named entity 'spike protein' named entity 'Cxcl10'

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