About: Photoperiodism in waterfowl: phasing of breeding cycles and zoogeography

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An Entity of Type : schema:ScholarlyArticle, within Data Space : covidontheweb.inria.fr associated with source document(s)

Attributes	Values
type	Academic Article research paper schema:ScholarlyArticle
isDefinedBy	Covid-on-the-Web dataset
has title	Photoperiodism in waterfowl: phasing of breeding cycles and zoogeography
Creator	M U R T O N~ A N D J A N E T K E, R
Source	PMC
abstract	The egg‐laying seasons of various captive waterfowl in the Wildfowl Trust collections at Slimbridge and Peakirk are compared with the situation in the wild. Special attention is focussed on the shelduck and sheldgeese (Tadornini), perching duck (Cairinini), diving duck (Aythyini), sea duck (Mergini), eiders (Somateriini) and stifftails (Oxyurini). Two kinds of response could be distinguished at Slimbridge. In one, egg‐laying began sometime in spring, when daylengths reached a stimulatory level, and continued until the corresponding daylengths in summer or autumn were reached, that is, the egg‐laying season extended symmetrically on either side of the summer solstice. This is regarded as a “primitive‐type” response and is characteristic of phylogenetic lines which are thought to have evolved in, and radiated from, the tropics; the comb duck, muscovy duck, ringed teal and southern pochard are examples. The second kind of response was characterized by the cessation of egg‐laying when daylengths still remained stimulatory, that is, a characteristic photo‐refractoriness to long days developed, and egg‐laying occurred during the first half of the year at Slimbridge. We term this a “temperate‐type” response, and examples are provided by nearly all the sheldgeese and shelduck, by the mandarin, Carolina, white‐winged wood duck and all Aythya and the sea duck. Only a few examples of apparently intermediate breeding response were noted and these transitional species are discussed, for example the Andean goose, Abyssinian blue‐winged goose and Radjah shelduck. The egg‐laying cycles can be described as entrained rhythms and their phase angles measured in relation to seasonal daylength changes at Slimbridge. In Aythya, the onset of reproductive activity was strongly correlated with the latitude of origin whereas the end of breeding was not. This was because refractoriness developed at about the same time in all species, even though they began breeding in response to different photoperiods. For this reason, the length of breeding season expressed at Slimbridge was correlated with the midlatitude of the breeding range in the wild but even more strongly with the photoperiod under which egg‐laying was initiated. The onset of breeding in the sheldgeese and perching duck was not related to latitude, perhaps because species have had time to modify their ranges. However, the end of breeding in perching duck was related to latitude. Cessation of breeding corresponds to the onset of moult and the secretion of thyroid hormones. We suggest that as waterfowl radiated to higher latitudes their “biological clocks” became entrained to the new light regimes and a host of physiological functions were ordered in an adaptive rather than competitive sequence. It is because so many biological functions are liable to compete for scarce environmental energy supplies that some kind of endogenous partitioning is necessary. This endogenous component is seen when different species are kept under standard lighting conditions. It follows that the photo‐response of a species reflects its evolutionary history and so the discussion broaches zoogeographical and taxonomic topics. For example, it seems unlikely that the white‐winged wood duck evolved in the tropics, and likely that the sheldgeese and shelduck radiated from a post‐
has issue date	2009-08-20(xsd:dateTime)
bibo:doi	10.1111/j.1469-7998.1978.tb03368.x
has license	no-cc
sha1sum (hex)	e64d80fd661ac8fd7191f81effaf46f05071cade
schema:url	https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1469-7998.1978.tb03368.x
resource representing a document's title	Photoperiodism in waterfowl: phasing of breeding cycles and zoogeography
has PubMed Central identifier	PMC7166339
schema:publication	J Zool (1987)
resource representing a document's body	covid:e64d80fd661ac8fd7191f81effaf46f05071cade#body_text
is schema:about of	named entity 'phasing' named entity 'With' named entity 'waterfowl' named entity 'anatomical' named entity 'egg-laying' named entity 'America is exceptional' named entity 'Aythya' named entity 'Sarkidiornis' named entity 'ecological conditions' named entity 'protein' named entity 'north temperate' named entity 'temperate' named entity 'perching duck' named entity 'African Black duck' named entity 'Rotterdam' named entity 'Africa' named entity 'Peakirk' named entity 'Chloephaga' named entity 'South Africa' named entity 'breeding season' named entity 'temperate' named entity 'Oxyurini' named entity 'closely related species' named entity 'Tadorna' named entity 'Andean goose' named entity 'Gondwanaland' named entity 'goslings' named entity 'swans' named entity 'taxa' named entity 'Slimbridge' named entity 'latitude' named entity 'Maned goose' named entity 'egg-laying' named entity 'South America' named entity 'photoperiod' named entity 'breeding seasons' named entity 'Bufflehead' named entity 'breeding seasons' named entity 'genus' named entity 'Spur-winged goose' named entity 'breeding season' named entity 'zeitgeber' named entity 'Nebraska' named entity 'breeding season' named entity 'breeding seasons' named entity 'egg-laying' named entity 'antler' named entity 'vallisneria' named entity 'Dendrocygna' named entity 'Anserinae' named entity 'geese' named entity 'plumage' named entity 'Smew' named entity 'mandible' named entity 'Tachyeres' named entity 'pintail' named entity 'Common shelduck' named entity 'true geese' named entity 'Queensland' named entity 'Ringed teal' named entity 'perching duck' named entity 'Tadorna' named entity 'temperate latitudes' named entity 'eider' named entity 'genus' named entity 'Branta' named entity 'pair bond' named entity 'breeding season' named entity 'Dendrocygna' named entity 'shelduck' named entity 'breeding seasons' named entity 'Kenya' named entity 'USSR' named entity 'Southern pochard' named entity 'White-winged wood duck' named entity 'Africa' named entity 'East Siberia' named entity 'sympatric' named entity 'pair-bond' named entity 'Anserinae' named entity 'moult' named entity 'India' named entity 'environmental conditions'

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