About: Effects of wearing N95 and surgical facemasks on heart rate, thermal stress and subjective sensations

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About: Effects of wearing N95 and surgical facemasks on heart rate, thermal stress and subjective sensations Goto Sponge NotDistinct Permalink

An Entity of Type : schema:ScholarlyArticle, within Data Space : covidontheweb.inria.fr associated with source document(s)

Attributes	Values
type	Academic Article research paper schema:ScholarlyArticle
isDefinedBy	Covid-on-the-Web dataset
has title	Effects of wearing N95 and surgical facemasks on heart rate, thermal stress and subjective sensations
Creator	Li, Y Chung, J Guo, Ae Newton, Ae Tokura, Ae Wong, Ae
Source	Medline; PMC
abstract	Aim: The study was aimed at investigating the effects of wearing N95 and surgical facemasks with and without nano-functional treatments on thermophysiological responses and the subjective perception of discomfort. Method: Five healthy male and five healthy female participants performed intermittent exercise on a treadmill while wearing the protective facemasks in a climate chamber controlled at an air temperature of 25°C and a relative humidity of 70%. Four types of facemasks, including N95 (3M 8210) and surgical facemasks, which were treated with nano-functional materials, were used in the study. Results: (1) The subjects had significantly lower average heart rates when wearing nano-treated and untreated surgical facemasks than when wearing nano-treated and untreated N95 facemasks. (2) The outer surface temperature of both surgical facemasks was significantly higher than that of both N95 facemasks. On the other hand, the microclimate and skin temperatures inside the facemask were significantly lower than those in both N95 facemasks. (3) Both surgical facemasks had significantly higher absolute humidity outside the surface than both N95 facemasks. The absolute humidity inside the surgical facemask was significantly lower than that inside both N95 facemasks. (4) Both surgical facemasks were rated significantly lower for perception of humidity, heat, breath resistance and overall discomfort than both N95 facemasks. The ratings for other sensations, including feeling unfit, tight, itchy, fatigued, odorous and salty, that were obtained while the subjects were wearing the surgical facemasks were significantly lower than when the subjects were wearing the N95 facemasks. (5) Subjective preference for the nano-treated surgical facemasks was the highest. There was significant differences in preference between the nano-treated and untreated surgical facemasks and between the surgical and N95 facemasks. Discussion: We discuss how N95 and surgical facemasks induce significantly different temperature and humidity in the microclimates of the facemasks, which have profound influences on heart rate and thermal stress and subjective perception of discomfort.
has issue date	2005-05-26(xsd:dateTime)
bibo:doi	10.1007/s00420-004-0584-4
bibo:pmid	15918037
has license	no-cc
sha1sum (hex)	cd5a097f5ca9591542e953ee8f13018d26f6fb38
schema:url	https://doi.org/10.1007/s00420-004-0584-4
resource representing a document's title	Effects of wearing N95 and surgical facemasks on heart rate, thermal stress and subjective sensations
has PubMed Central identifier	PMC7087880
has PubMed identifier	15918037
schema:publication	Int Arch Occup Environ Health
resource representing a document's body	covid:cd5a097f5ca9591542e953ee8f13018d26f6fb38#body_text
is schema:about of	named entity 'EFFECTS' named entity 'Four' named entity 'air temperature' named entity 'AVERAGE HEART RATES' named entity 'RESPONSES' named entity 'UNTREATED' named entity 'METHOD' named entity 'LOWER' named entity 'INTERMITTENT' named entity 'NANO-' named entity 'TYPES' named entity 'INVESTIGATING' named entity 'USED' named entity 'HEALTHY' named entity 'EXERCISE' named entity 'TREATED' named entity 'PERCEPTION' named entity 'STUDY' named entity 'CONTROLLED' named entity 'FUNCTIONAL' named entity 'AIR TEMPERATURE' named entity 'MATERIALS' named entity 'TREATMENTS' named entity 'PARTICIPANTS' named entity 'SURGICAL' named entity 'CLIMATE' named entity 'MALE' named entity 'TREADMILL' named entity 'HEART RATE' named entity 'SUBJECTIVE' named entity 'SENSATIONS' named entity 'THERMAL STRESS' named entity 'N95' named entity 'SUBJECTS' named entity 'TREATED WITH' named entity 'INCLUDING' named entity 'RESULTS' named entity 'PERFORMED' named entity 'AIM' named entity 'EFFECTS' named entity 'SURGICAL' named entity '70%' named entity 'FEMALE' named entity 'N95' named entity 'CHAMBER' named entity 'RELATIVE HUMIDITY' named entity 'DISCOMFORT' named entity 'SUBJECTIVE' covid:arg/cd5a097f5ca9591542e953ee8f13018d26f6fb38 named entity 'Method' named entity 'heart' named entity 'wearing' named entity 'wearing' named entity 'relative humidity' named entity 'N95' named entity 'healthcare workers' named entity 'skin temperature' named entity 'microclimate' named entity 'surgical masks' named entity 'bacteria' named entity 'randomly selected' named entity 'air temperature' named entity 'surgical masks' named entity 'humidity' named entity 't-tests' named entity 'heat stress' named entity 'humidity' named entity 'humidity' named entity 'personal protective equipment (PPE' named entity 'body mass' named entity 'absolute humidity' named entity 'thermal stress' named entity 'statistical significance' named entity 'respiratory tract' named entity 'oxygen' named entity 'heat stress'

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