About: Social distancing to slow the US COVID-19 epidemic: Longitudinal pretest

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About: Social distancing to slow the US COVID-19 epidemic: Longitudinal pretest–posttest comparison group study Goto Sponge NotDistinct Permalink

An Entity of Type : schema:ScholarlyArticle, within Data Space : covidontheweb.inria.fr associated with source document(s)

Attributes	Values
type	Academic Article research paper schema:ScholarlyArticle
isDefinedBy	Covid-on-the-Web dataset
has title	Social distancing to slow the US COVID-19 epidemic: Longitudinal pretest–posttest comparison group study
Creator	Siedner, Mark Tsai, Harling, Guy Haneuse, Sebastien Methodology, Venkataramani, Atheendar Formal, Mark Gil-Bert, Rebecca Gilbert Id, Rebecca Gilbert, Rebecca Gilbert, Sebastien Haneuse, Atheendar Haneuseid, Sebastien Harling, Rebecca Id, Guy Reynolds, Zahra Siedner Id, Mark Siedner, Guy Tsai, Alexander Tsaiid, Alexander Venkatar-Amani, Atheendar Venkatara-Mani, Atheendar Venkataramani, Alexander Venkataramani, S Venkataramaniid, Atheendar
Source	Medline; PMC
abstract	BACKGROUND: Social distancing measures to address the US coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) epidemic may have notable health and social impacts. METHODS AND FINDINGS: We conducted a longitudinal pretest–posttest comparison group study to estimate the change in COVID-19 case growth before versus after implementation of statewide social distancing measures in the US. The primary exposure was time before (14 days prior to, and through 3 days after) versus after (beginning 4 days after, to up to 21 days after) implementation of the first statewide social distancing measures. Statewide restrictions on internal movement were examined as a secondary exposure. The primary outcome was the COVID-19 case growth rate. The secondary outcome was the COVID-19-attributed mortality growth rate. All states initiated social distancing measures between March 10 and March 25, 2020. The mean daily COVID-19 case growth rate decreased beginning 4 days after implementation of the first statewide social distancing measures, by 0.9% per day (95% CI −1.4% to −0.4%; P < 0.001). We did not observe a statistically significant difference in the mean daily case growth rate before versus after implementation of statewide restrictions on internal movement (0.1% per day; 95% CI −0.04% to 0.3%; P = 0.14), but there is substantial difficulty in disentangling the unique associations with statewide restrictions on internal movement from the unique associations with the first social distancing measures. Beginning 7 days after social distancing, the COVID-19-attributed mortality growth rate decreased by 2.0% per day (95% CI −3.0% to −0.9%; P < 0.001). Our analysis is susceptible to potential bias resulting from the aggregate nature of the ecological data, potential confounding by contemporaneous changes (e.g., increases in testing), and potential underestimation of social distancing due to spillover effects from neighboring states. CONCLUSIONS: Statewide social distancing measures were associated with a decrease in the COVID-19 case growth rate that was statistically significant. Statewide social distancing measures were also associated with a decrease in the COVID-19-attributed mortality growth rate beginning 7 days after implementation, although this decrease was no longer statistically significant by 10 days.
has issue date	2020-08-11(xsd:dateTime)
bibo:doi	10.1371/journal.pmed.1003244
bibo:pmid	32780772
has license	cc-by
sha1sum (hex)	98aa96513670fa8fdac2ccf38f371d8adc17947f
schema:url	https://doi.org/10.1371/journal.pmed.1003244
resource representing a document's title	Social distancing to slow the US COVID-19 epidemic: Longitudinal pretest–posttest comparison group study
has PubMed Central identifier	PMC7418951
has PubMed identifier	32780772
schema:publication	PLoS Med
resource representing a document's body	covid:98aa96513670fa8fdac2ccf38f371d8adc17947f#body_text
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