About: Evolution and spread of Venezuelan equine encephalitis complex alphavirus in the Americas

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An Entity of Type : schema:ScholarlyArticle, within Data Space : covidontheweb.inria.fr associated with source document(s)

Attributes	Values
type	Academic Article research paper schema:ScholarlyArticle
isDefinedBy	Covid-on-the-Web dataset
has title	Evolution and spread of Venezuelan equine encephalitis complex alphavirus in the Americas
Creator	Halpin, Rebecca Smith, Martin Leal, Grace Chen, Rubing Forrester, Naomi Wentworth, David Hari, Kumar Weaver, Scott Adams, A Das, Suman Kosakovsky Pond, Sergei Lin, David Stockwell, Timothy Wertheim, Joel Auguste, Albert Dugan, Vivian Estrada-Franco, Jose Gorchakov, Rodion Jain, Ravi Pandya, Jyotsna
Source	PMC
abstract	Venezuelan equine encephalitis (VEE) complex alphaviruses are important re-emerging arboviruses that cause life-threatening disease in equids during epizootics as well as spillover human infections. We conducted a comprehensive analysis of VEE complex alphaviruses by sequencing the genomes of 94 strains and performing phylogenetic analyses of 130 isolates using complete open reading frames for the nonstructural and structural polyproteins. Our analyses confirmed purifying selection as a major mechanism influencing the evolution of these viruses as well as a confounding factor in molecular clock dating of ancestors. Times to most recent common ancestors (tMRCAs) could be robustly estimated only for the more recently diverged subtypes; the tMRCA of the ID/IAB/IC/II and IE clades of VEE virus (VEEV) were estimated at ca. 149–973 years ago. Evolution of the IE subtype has been characterized by a significant evolutionary shift from the rest of the VEEV complex, with an increase in structural protein substitutions that are unique to this group, possibly reflecting adaptation to its unique enzootic mosquito vector Culex (Melanoconion) taeniopus. Our inferred tree topologies suggest that VEEV is maintained primarily in situ, with only occasional spread to neighboring countries, probably reflecting the limited mobility of rodent hosts and mosquito vectors.
has issue date	2017-08-03(xsd:dateTime)
bibo:doi	10.1371/journal.pntd.0005693
bibo:pmid	28771475
has license	cc0
sha1sum (hex)	6b3a2955735dd17ee9c0ae0f528a9bb52229973c
schema:url	https://doi.org/10.1371/journal.pntd.0005693
resource representing a document's title	Evolution and spread of Venezuelan equine encephalitis complex alphavirus in the Americas
has PubMed Central identifier	PMC5557581
has PubMed identifier	28771475
schema:publication	PLoS Negl Trop Dis
resource representing a document's body	covid:6b3a2955735dd17ee9c0ae0f528a9bb52229973c#body_text
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