About: A Strategy To Estimate Unknown Viral Diversity in Mammals

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An Entity of Type : schema:ScholarlyArticle, within Data Space : covidontheweb.inria.fr associated with source document(s)

Attributes	Values
type	Academic Article research paper schema:ScholarlyArticle
isDefinedBy	Covid-on-the-Web dataset
has title	A Strategy To Estimate Unknown Viral Diversity in Mammals
Creator	Luby, Stephen Daszak, Peter Navarrete-Macias, Isamara Goldstein, Tracey Islam, Ariful Karesh, William Zambrana-Torrelio, Carlos Anthony, Simon Bogich, Tiffany Ojeda-Flores, Rafael Hosseini, Parviez Epstein, Jonathan Mazet, Jonna Solovyov, Alexander Arrigo, Nicole Cm, Zambrana-Torrelio Goldstein, T Jak, Mazet Jh, Epstein Ka, Murray Khan, Ali Khan, Shahneaz Kj, Olival Lipkin, W Morse, Stephen Murray, Kris Nc, Arrigo Olival, Kevin Sanchez-Leon, Maria Sj, Anthony Sp, Luby Ss, Morse Tl, Bogich Wb, Karesh
topic	covid:634128ea7d7736750e1c3cd0a48bb37843d06dac#this
Source	PMC
abstract	The majority of emerging zoonoses originate in wildlife, and many are caused by viruses. However, there are no rigorous estimates of total viral diversity (here termed “virodiversity”) for any wildlife species, despite the utility of this to future surveillance and control of emerging zoonoses. In this case study, we repeatedly sampled a mammalian wildlife host known to harbor emerging zoonotic pathogens (the Indian Flying Fox, Pteropus giganteus) and used PCR with degenerate viral family-level primers to discover and analyze the occurrence patterns of 55 viruses from nine viral families. We then adapted statistical techniques used to estimate biodiversity in vertebrates and plants and estimated the total viral richness of these nine families in P. giganteus to be 58 viruses. Our analyses demonstrate proof-of-concept of a strategy for estimating viral richness and provide the first statistically supported estimate of the number of undiscovered viruses in a mammalian host. We used a simple extrapolation to estimate that there are a minimum of 320,000 mammalian viruses awaiting discovery within these nine families, assuming all species harbor a similar number of viruses, with minimal turnover between host species. We estimate the cost of discovering these viruses to be ~$6.3 billion (or ~$1.4 billion for 85% of the total diversity), which if annualized over a 10-year study time frame would represent a small fraction of the cost of many pandemic zoonoses.
has issue date	2013-09-03(xsd:dateTime)
bibo:doi	10.1128/mbio.00598-13
bibo:pmid	24003179
has license	cc-by-nc-sa
sha1sum (hex)	634128ea7d7736750e1c3cd0a48bb37843d06dac
schema:url	https://doi.org/10.1128/mbio.00598-13
resource representing a document's title	A Strategy To Estimate Unknown Viral Diversity in Mammals
has PubMed Central identifier	PMC3760253
has PubMed identifier	24003179
schema:publication	mBio
resource representing a document's body	covid:634128ea7d7736750e1c3cd0a48bb37843d06dac#body_text
is http://vocab.deri.ie/void#inDataset of	https://covidontheweb.inria.fr:4443/about/id/http/ns.inria.fr/covid19/634128ea7d7736750e1c3cd0a48bb37843d06dac
is schema:about of	named entity 'STRATEGY' named entity 'PRIMERS' named entity 'RESOURCES' named entity 'YEARS' named entity 'POOL' named entity 'SEEN' named entity 'HERE' named entity 'LIMITS' named entity 'FRACTION OF' named entity 'RICHNESS' named entity 'GLOBAL' named entity 'ESTIMATED' named entity 'UNDERSTANDING' named entity 'CONTINUE' named entity 'THESE' named entity 'ECOLOGICAL' named entity 'OUR' named entity 'DISCOVER' named entity 'BETTER' named entity 'EMERGE' named entity 'USED' named entity 'DRIVERS' named entity 'PROOF' named entity 'NOVEL' named entity 'BEST' named entity 'VIRAL' named entity 'PUBLIC HEALTH' named entity 'MINIMUM' named entity 'INCREASE' named entity 'PRELIMINARY' named entity 'ZOONOSES' named entity 'PANDEMIC' named entity 'EXIST' named entity 'PCR' named entity 'MAJORITY' named entity 'FAMILY' named entity 'ESTIMATE' named entity 'SMALL' named entity 'TIME FRAME' named entity 'VIRUSES' named entity 'ZOONOTIC PATHOGENS' named entity 'ESTIMATE' named entity 'CONCEPT' named entity 'USE' named entity 'DESIGN' named entity 'TURNOVER'

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