About: Role for phospholipid acyl chains and cholesterol in pulmonary infections and inflammation

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An Entity of Type : schema:ScholarlyArticle, within Data Space : covidontheweb.inria.fr associated with source document(s)

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type	Academic Article research paper schema:ScholarlyArticle
isDefinedBy	Covid-on-the-Web dataset
has title	Role for phospholipid acyl chains and cholesterol in pulmonary infections and inflammation
Creator	Fessler, Michael Gowdy, Kymberly Saame, Raza Shaikh,
Source	Medline; PMC
abstract	Bacterial and viral respiratory tract infections result in millions of deaths worldwide and are currently the leading cause of death from infection. Acute inflammation is an essential element of host defense against infection, but can be damaging to the host when left unchecked. Effective host defense requires multiple lipid mediators, which collectively have proinflammatory and/or proresolving effects on the lung. During pulmonary infections, phospholipid acyl chains and cholesterol can be chemically and enzymatically oxidized, as well as truncated and modified, producing complex mixtures of bioactive lipids. We review recent evidence that phospholipids and cholesterol and their derivatives regulate pulmonary innate and adaptive immunity during infection. We first highlight data that oxidized phospholipids generated in the lung during infection stimulate pattern recognition receptors, such as TLRs and scavenger receptors, thereby amplifying the pulmonary inflammatory response. Next, we discuss evidence that oxidation of endogenous pools of cholesterol during pulmonary infections produces oxysterols that also modify the function of both innate and adaptive immune cells. Last, we conclude with data that n-3 polyunsaturated fatty acids, both in the form of phospholipid acyl chains and through enzymatic processing into endogenous proresolving lipid mediators, aid in the resolution of lung inflammation through distinct mechanisms. Unraveling the complex mechanisms of induction and function of distinct classes of bioactive lipids, both native and modified, may hold promise for developing new therapeutic strategies for improving pulmonary outcomes in response to infection.
has issue date	2016-06-10(xsd:dateTime)
bibo:doi	10.1189/jlb.4vmr0316-103r
bibo:pmid	27286794
has license	green-oa
sha1sum (hex)	421302dc5df774ef449768c48227b45b1640d775
schema:url	https://doi.org/10.1189/jlb.4vmr0316-103r
resource representing a document's title	Role for phospholipid acyl chains and cholesterol in pulmonary infections and inflammation
has PubMed Central identifier	PMC5069085
has PubMed identifier	27286794
schema:publication	Journal of Leukocyte Biology
resource representing a document's body	covid:421302dc5df774ef449768c48227b45b1640d775#body_text
is schema:about of	named entity 'scavenger receptor' named entity 'DAMP' named entity 'mechanisms' named entity 'primary' named entity 'acyl' named entity 'SPM' named entity 'chronic obstructive pulmonary disease' named entity 'gene' named entity 'scavenger receptors' named entity 'innate' named entity 'surfactant' named entity 'protein' named entity 'cells' named entity 'pulmonary' named entity 'acyl' named entity 'Role' named entity 'MATRIX METALLOPROTEINASE' named entity 'COMPLEX MIXTURES' named entity 'AID' named entity 'ROR' named entity 'NUCLEAR RECEPTOR' named entity 'TRUNCATED' named entity 'PULMONARY' named entity 'INFECTION' named entity 'MOTIF' named entity 'NEW' named entity 'DAMP' named entity 'RESOLVING' named entity 'CLUSTER OF DIFFERENTIATION' named entity 'LIPID MEDIATORS' named entity 'EFFECTS' named entity 'MODIFIED' named entity 'PATTERN RECOGNITION RECEPTORS' named entity 'FAMILY' named entity 'CTL' named entity 'OXIDATION' named entity 'evidence' named entity 'adaptive immune' named entity 'effects' named entity 'reactive oxygen species' named entity 'data' named entity 'IL-1R' named entity 'lipid' named entity 'inflammatory response' named entity 'mediators' named entity '2016' named entity 'evidence' named entity 'immunity' named entity 'ROS' named entity 'promise' named entity 'respiratory tract infections' named entity 'chains' named entity 'pulmonary' named entity 'CYP27A1' named entity 'pulmonary' named entity 'ROR' named entity 'data' named entity 'developing' named entity 'pattern' named entity 'cytochrome P450' named entity 'EPA' named entity 'infection' named entity 'cholesterol' named entity 'chronic obstructive pulmonary disease' named entity 'lipids' named entity 'oxidized' named entity 'Journal of Leukocyte Biology' named entity 'phosphorylcholine' named entity 'protein' named entity 'MyD88' named entity 'nuclear receptor' named entity 'cholesterol' named entity 'polypeptide' named entity 'TIR' named entity 'IL-1R' named entity 'therapeutic strategies' named entity 'proinflammatory' named entity 'PAMP'

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