About: Chasing the ghost of infection past: identifying thresholds of change during the COVID-19 infection in Spain

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About: Chasing the ghost of infection past: identifying thresholds of change during the COVID-19 infection in Spain Goto Sponge NotDistinct Permalink

An Entity of Type : schema:ScholarlyArticle, within Data Space : covidontheweb.inria.fr associated with source document(s)

Attributes	Values
type	Academic Article research paper schema:ScholarlyArticle
isDefinedBy	Covid-on-the-Web dataset
has title	Chasing the ghost of infection past: identifying thresholds of change during the COVID-19 infection in Spain
Creator	Hortal, Joaquín Santamaría, Luis
topic	covid:24c5610d5aea11c5216c113e9770184ece0f1ef3#this
Source	MedRxiv
abstract	COVID-19 pandemic has spread worldwide rapidly from its first outbreak in China, with different impacts depending on the age and social structure of the populations, and the measures taken by each government. Within Europe, the first countries to be strongly affected have been Italy and Spain. In Spain, infection has expanded in highly populated areas, resulting in one of the largest nationwide bursts so far by early April. We analyze the evolution of the growth curve of the epidemic in both the whole of Spain and Madrid Autonomous Region (the second largest conurbation in Europe), based on the cumulative numbers of reported cases and deaths. We conducted segmented, linear regressions on log-transformed data to identify changes in the slope of these curves and/or sudden shifts in the number of cases (i.e. changes in the intercept) at fitted breaking points, and compared their results with a timeline including both key events of the epidemic and containment measures taken by the national and regional governments. Results were largely consistent in the four curves analyzed (reported infections and deaths for Spain and Madrid, respectively), showing two major shifts in slopes (growth rates) at 14-15 and 26-29 March that resulted in 37-65% reductions of slope, and originated in infection on 4-5 and 16-18 March (for case detections) and 14-23 February and 5-6 March (for deaths). Small upward shifts in the progress of the disease in Madrid were not associated with significant changes in the intercept of the curve, and seem related with unevenness in case reporting. These results evidence an early deceleration in the spread of COVID-19 coinciding with personal hygiene and social distancing recommendations, as well as the general awareness of the population; and a second, stronger decrease when harder isolation measures were enforced. The combination of both breakpoints seemingly led to the start of the contention of the disease outbreak by early April, the limit of our time series. This highlights the importance of adopting public health strategies that include disseminating basic knowledge on personal hygiene and reduced social contact at the onset of the epidemic, and the importance of early enforcement of hard contention measures for its subsequent contention.
has issue date	2020-04-14(xsd:dateTime)
bibo:doi	10.1101/2020.04.09.20059345
has license	medrxiv
sha1sum (hex)	24c5610d5aea11c5216c113e9770184ece0f1ef3
schema:url	https://doi.org/10.1101/2020.04.09.20059345
resource representing a document's title	Chasing the ghost of infection past: identifying thresholds of change during the COVID-19 infection in Spain
resource representing a document's body	covid:24c5610d5aea11c5216c113e9770184ece0f1ef3#body_text
is http://vocab.deri.ie/void#inDataset of	https://covidontheweb.inria.fr:4443/about/id/http/ns.inria.fr/covid19/24c5610d5aea11c5216c113e9770184ece0f1ef3
is schema:about of	named entity 'log-transformed' named entity 'evidence' named entity 'Europe' named entity 'epidemic' named entity 'early' named entity 'points' named entity 'intercept' named entity 'deceleration' named entity 'based' named entity 'reductions' named entity 'infection' named entity 'SECOND' named entity 'DECREASE' named entity 'STRATEGIES' named entity 'INFECTION' named entity 'RECOMMENDATIONS' named entity 'FITTED' named entity 'LIMIT' named entity 'MAJOR' named entity 'GROWTH CURVE' named entity 'RELATED' named entity '5-6' named entity 'LINEAR REGRESSIONS' named entity '28I' named entity 'REGIONAL' named entity 'SEGMENTED' named entity 'TO IDENTIFY' named entity 'KEY' named entity 'CASE' named entity 'COVID-19 PANDEMIC' named entity 'COVID-19' named entity 'CONSISTENT' named entity 'LARGELY' named entity 'APRIL' named entity 'NUMBERS' named entity 'INCLUDING' named entity 'reduced' named entity 'pandemic' named entity 'disease' named entity 'limit' named entity 'measures' named entity 'measures' named entity 'Spain' named entity 'case' named entity 'isolation' named entity 'outbreak' named entity 'time series' named entity 'containment' named entity 'March' named entity 'evolution' named entity 'Madrid' named entity 'slope' named entity 'enforced' named entity 'slope' named entity 'measures' named entity 'personal hygiene' named entity 'COVID-19' named entity 'evolution' named entity 'personal hygiene' named entity 'Madrid' named entity 'Spain' named entity '18 March' named entity 'COVID-19 infection' named entity 'Madrid' named entity 'Spain' named entity 'social-distancing' named entity 'infection' named entity 'infection' named entity 'infection' named entity 'evolution' named entity 'social-distancing' named entity 'COVID-19 pandemic' named entity 'virus' named entity 'Paris' named entity 'Álava' named entity 'flattening the curve' named entity 'Madrid Autonomous Region' named entity 'phase 1' named entity 'seroprevalence' named entity '21 days' named entity 'community transmission' named entity 'Madrid'

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