About: Expression of the SARS-CoV-2 ACE2 Receptor in the Human Airway Epithelium

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type	Academic Article research paper schema:ScholarlyArticle
isDefinedBy	Covid-on-the-Web dataset
title	Expression of the SARS-CoV-2 ACE2 Receptor in the Human Airway Epithelium
Creator	Strulovici-Barel, Yael Zhang, Haijun Leopold, Philip Crystal, Ronald Mezey, Jason O'beirne, Sarah Rostami, Mahboubeh
source	Medline; PMC
abstract	Rationale: Infection with the severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) causes coronavirus disease (COVID-19), a predominantly respiratory illness. The first step in SARS-CoV-2 infection is binding of the virus to ACE2 (angiotensin-converting enzyme 2) on the airway epithelium. Objectives: The objective was to gain insight into the expression of ACE2 in the human airway epithelium. Methods: Airway epithelia sampled by fiberoptic bronchoscopy of trachea, large airway epithelia (LAE), and small airway epithelia (SAE) of nonsmokers and smokers were analyzed for expression of ACE2 and other coronavirus infection–related genes using microarray, RNA sequencing, and 10x single-cell transcriptome analysis, with associated examination of ACE2-related microRNA. Measurements and Main Results: 1) ACE2 is expressed similarly in the trachea and LAE, with lower expression in the SAE; 2) in the SAE, ACE2 is expressed in basal, intermediate, club, mucus, and ciliated cells; 3) ACE2 is upregulated in the SAE by smoking, significantly in men; 4) levels of miR-1246 expression could play a role in ACE2 upregulation in the SAE of smokers; and 5) ACE2 is expressed in airway epithelium differentiated in vitro on air–liquid interface cultures from primary airway basal stem/progenitor cells; this can be replicated using LAE and SAE immortalized basal cell lines derived from healthy nonsmokers. Conclusions: ACE2, the gene encoding the receptor for SARS-CoV-2, is expressed in the human airway epithelium, with variations in expression relevant to the biology of initial steps in SARS-CoV-2 infection.
has issue date	2020-07-15(xsd:dateTime)
bibo:doi	10.1164/rccm.202003-0541oc
bibo:pmid	32432483
has license	cc-by-nc-nd
sha1sum (hex)	206fcb70c36daba58e5fb24a8d456df6d7e3a271
schema:url	https://doi.org/10.1164/rccm.202003-0541oc
resource representing a document's title	Expression of the SARS-CoV-2 ACE2 Receptor in the Human Airway Epithelium
has PubMed Central identifier	PMC7365377
has PubMed identifier	32432483
schema:publication	Am J Respir Crit Care Med
resource representing a document's body	covid:206fcb70c36daba58e5fb24a8d456df6d7e3a271#body_text
is schema:about of	named entity 'virus' named entity 'severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2)' named entity 'angiotensin-converting enzyme 2' named entity 'virus' named entity 'respiratory illness' named entity 'ACE2' named entity 'severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2' named entity 'airway epithelium' named entity 'ACE2' named entity 'Airway Epithelium' named entity 'gene' named entity 'epithelial cell' named entity 'smokers' named entity 'morbidity' named entity 'airway epithelium' named entity 'TMPRSS2' named entity 'mucus' named entity '2.0' named entity 'epithelial cell' named entity 'epithelia' named entity '2.0' named entity 'ACE2' named entity 'ACE2' named entity 'RNA-seq' named entity 'proteases' named entity 'RNA' named entity 'ACE2' named entity 'mucus' named entity 'SARS-CoV-2' named entity 'furin' named entity 'microarray analysis' named entity 'smokers' named entity 'LAE' named entity 'trachea' named entity 'cell culture' named entity 'single-cell data' named entity 'ACE2' named entity 'Affymetrix' named entity 'LAE' named entity 'transcriptome' named entity 'gene' named entity 'microarray' named entity 'airway epithelium' named entity 'inhalation' named entity 'SARS-CoV' named entity 'plasma membrane' named entity 'RNA sequencing' named entity 'IFN' named entity 'RNA sequencing' named entity 'SARS-CoV-2' named entity 'smokers' named entity 'ACE2' named entity 'airway epithelium' named entity 'unique molecular identifiers' named entity 'mRNA' named entity 'smokers' named entity 'expression levels' named entity 'airway epithelium' named entity 'PM 2.5' named entity 'trachea' named entity 'transcriptome' named entity 'airway epithelium' named entity 'LAE' named entity 'angiotensin-converting enzyme 2' named entity 'SARS-CoV-2' named entity 'cell surface' named entity 'SARS' named entity 'pulmonary infections' named entity 'COVID' named entity 'Affymetrix' named entity 'cell lines' named entity 'ACE2' named entity 'endolysosomal pathway' named entity 'smokers' named entity 'transmembrane'

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