About: Natural killer cells act as rheostats modulating anti-viral T cells

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An Entity of Type : schema:ScholarlyArticle, within Data Space : covidontheweb.inria.fr associated with source document(s)

Attributes	Values
type	Academic Article research paper schema:ScholarlyArticle
isDefinedBy	Covid-on-the-Web dataset
has title	Natural killer cells act as rheostats modulating anti-viral T cells
Creator	Cornberg, Markus Selin, Liisa Waggoner, Stephen Welsh, Raymond
Source	PMC
abstract	Anti-viral T cells are thought to regulate whether hepatitis C virus (HCV) and HIV infections result in viral control, asymptomatic persistence, or severe disease, though the reasons for these different outcomes remain unclear. Recent genetic evidence, however, has indicated a correlation between certain natural killer (NK) cell receptors and progression of both HIV and HCV infection(1–3), implying that NK cells are playing a role in these T cell-associated diseases. While direct NK cell-mediated lysis of virus-infected cells may contribute to anti-viral defense during some virus infections, especially murine cytomegalovirus (MCMV) infections in mice and perhaps HIV in humans(4–5), NK cells have also been suspected as having immunoregulatory functions. For instance, NK cells may indirectly regulate T cell responses by lysing MCMV-infected antigen-presenting cells(6–7). In contrast to MCMV, lymphocytic choromeningitis virus (LCMV) infection in mice seems resistant to any direct anti-viral effects of NK cells(5,8). Here the roles of NK cells in regulating T cell-dependent viral persistence and immunopathology were examined in mice infected with LCMV, an established model for HIV and HCV infections in humans. We describe a three-way interaction, whereby activated NK cells cytolytically eliminate activated CD4 T cells that affect CD8 T-cell function and exhaustion. At high virus dose NK cells prevented fatal pathology while enabling T-cell exhaustion and viral persistence, but at a medium dose NK cells paradoxically facilitated lethal T cell-mediated pathology. Thus, NK cells can act as rheostats, regulating CD4 T cell-mediated support for the anti-viral CD8 T cells that control viral pathogenesis and persistence.
has issue date	2011-11-20(xsd:dateTime)
bibo:doi	10.1038/nature10624
bibo:pmid	22101430
has license	no-cc
sha1sum (hex)	1d207b14f92ffce3c151c86f9483c159065e0646
schema:url	https://doi.org/10.1038/nature10624
resource representing a document's title	Natural killer cells act as rheostats modulating anti-viral T cells
has PubMed Central identifier	PMC3539796
has PubMed identifier	22101430
schema:publication	Nature
resource representing a document's body	covid:1d207b14f92ffce3c151c86f9483c159065e0646#body_text
is schema:about of	named entity 'NATURAL KILLER CELLS' named entity '1-3' named entity 'PLAYING' named entity 'FUNCTIONS' named entity 'FATAL' named entity 'AFFECT' named entity 'LYSIS' named entity 'CONTRIBUTE ' named entity 'ENABLING' named entity 'CONTRAST' named entity 'OUTCOMES' named entity 'MEDIATED' named entity 'INTERACTION' named entity 'MCMV' named entity 'ACT' named entity 'VIRAL PERSISTENCE' named entity 'BUT' named entity 'HCV' named entity 'DISEASES' named entity 'SEVERE DISEASE' named entity 'HIV' named entity 'RESPONSES' named entity 'EVIDENCE' named entity 'LETHAL' named entity 'REGULATE' named entity 'EFFECTS' named entity 'CD4' named entity 'CD8' named entity 'HCV INFECTION' named entity 'WAY' named entity 'CONTROL' named entity 'DIFFERENT' named entity 'LCMV' named entity 'NK CELL' named entity 'HHS' named entity 'VIRAL' named entity 'MODULATING' named entity 'CERTAIN' named entity 'T CELLS' named entity 'LYSING' named entity 'PATHOLOGY' named entity 'CELLS' named entity 'T-CELL' named entity 'RECENT' named entity 'SUSPECTED' named entity 'DESCRIBE' named entity 'DEPENDENT' named entity 'CELL FUNCTION' named entity 'MEDIUM' named entity 'DEFENSE' named entity 'ASYMPTOMATIC' named entity 'MICE' named entity 'RECEPTORS' named entity 'REGULATING' named entity 'THOUGHT' named entity 'INFECTED' named entity 'THESE' named entity 'VIRAL PATHOGENESIS' named entity 'ANTIGEN-PRESENTING CELLS' named entity 'INDICATED' named entity 'ASSOCIATED' named entity 'PERSISTENCE' named entity 'VIRAL' named entity 'RESISTANT TO' named entity 'ACT' named entity 'PUBLIC' named entity 'HIV INFECTIONS' named entity 'HUMANS' named entity 'SUPPORT' named entity 'VIRUS' named entity 'RESULT' named entity 'DIRECT' named entity 'INFECTION' named entity 'ACCESS' named entity 'INSTANCE' named entity 'HERE' named entity 'ROLE' named entity 'GENETIC'

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