About: Parainfluenza Virus Infection Among Human Immunodeficiency Virus (HIV)-Infected and HIV-Uninfected Children and Adults Hospitalized for Severe Acute Respiratory Illness in South Africa, 2009

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About: Parainfluenza Virus Infection Among Human Immunodeficiency Virus (HIV)-Infected and HIV-Uninfected Children and Adults Hospitalized for Severe Acute Respiratory Illness in South Africa, 2009–2014 Goto Sponge NotDistinct Permalink

An Entity of Type : schema:ScholarlyArticle, within Data Space : covidontheweb.inria.fr associated with source document(s)

Attributes	Values
type	Academic Article research paper schema:ScholarlyArticle
isDefinedBy	Covid-on-the-Web dataset
has title	Parainfluenza Virus Infection Among Human Immunodeficiency Virus (HIV)-Infected and HIV-Uninfected Children and Adults Hospitalized for Severe Acute Respiratory Illness in South Africa, 2009–2014
Creator	Tempia, Stefano Venter, Marietjie Cohen, Cheryl Treurnicht, Florette Walaza, Sibongile Dawood, Halima Kahn, Kathleen Kuonza, Lazarus Malope-Kgokong, Babatyi Moyes, Jocelyn Pretorius, Marthi Variava, Ebrahim Wolter, Nicole Cohen, Adam Groome, Michelle Madhi, Shabir Olorunju, Steven Sahr, Philip Von Gottberg, Anne
Source	Medline; PMC
abstract	Background. Parainfluenza virus (PIV) is a common cause of acute respiratory tract infections, but little is known about PIV infection in children and adults in Africa, especially in settings where human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) prevalence is high. Methods. We conducted active, prospective sentinel surveillance for children and adults hospitalized with severe acute respiratory illness (SARI) from 2009 to 2014 in South Africa. We enrolled controls (outpatients without febrile or respiratory illness) to calculate the attributable fraction for PIV infection. Respiratory specimens were tested by multiplex real-time reverse-transcription polymerase chain reaction assay for parainfluenza types 1, 2, and 3. Results. Of 18 282 SARI cases enrolled, 1188 (6.5%) tested positive for any PIV type: 230 (19.4%) were type 1; 168 (14.1%) were type 2; 762 (64.1%) were type 3; and 28 (2.4%) had coinfection with 2 PIV types. After adjusting for age, HIV serostatus, and respiratory viral coinfection, the attributable fraction for PIV was 65.6% (95% CI [confidence interval], 47.1–77.7); PIV contributed to SARI among HIV-infected and -uninfected children <5 years of age and among individuals infected with PIV types 1 and 3. The observed overall incidence of PIV-associated SARI was 38 (95% CI, 36–39) cases per 100 000 population and was highest in children <1 year of age (925 [95% CI, 864–989] cases per 100 000 population). Compared with persons without HIV, persons with HIV had an increased relative risk of PIV hospitalization (9.4; 95% CI, 8.5–10.3). Conclusions. Parainfluenza virus causes substantial severe respiratory disease in South Africa among children <5 years of age, especially those that are infected with HIV.
has issue date	2015-09-19(xsd:dateTime)
bibo:doi	10.1093/ofid/ofv139
bibo:pmid	26566534
has license	cc-by-nc-nd
sha1sum (hex)	1c468d9576bd22e199c4fe2028856afabb3746a7
schema:url	https://doi.org/10.1093/ofid/ofv139
resource representing a document's title	Parainfluenza Virus Infection Among Human Immunodeficiency Virus (HIV)-Infected and HIV-Uninfected Children and Adults Hospitalized for Severe Acute Respiratory Illness in South Africa, 2009–2014
has PubMed Central identifier	PMC4630450
has PubMed identifier	26566534
schema:publication	Open Forum Infect Dis
resource representing a document's body	covid:1c468d9576bd22e199c4fe2028856afabb3746a7#body_text
is schema:about of	named entity 'RESEARCH' covid:arg/1c468d9576bd22e199c4fe2028856afabb3746a7 named entity 'INTERNAL MEDICINE' named entity 'UNIT' named entity 'MRC' named entity 'PATHOLOGY' named entity 'HEALTH TRANSITIONS' named entity 'A COMMON' named entity 'IS A' named entity 'WHERE' named entity 'LITTLE' named entity 'ACUTE' named entity 'VACCINE PREVENTABLE' named entity 'SCHOOL' named entity 'DEPARTMENT' named entity 'SCIENCE AND TECHNOLOGY' named entity 'PUBLIC HEALTH' named entity 'DISEASES' named entity 'RURAL' named entity 'FOUNDATION' named entity 'PARAINFLUENZA VIRUS' named entity 'HEALTH SCIENCES' named entity 'AFRICA' named entity 'SETTINGS' named entity 'PREVALENCE' named entity 'BACKGROUND' named entity 'KNOWN' named entity 'HUMAN IMMUNODEFICIENCY VIRUS' named entity 'FACULTY' named entity 'HIGH' named entity 'BUT' named entity 'RESPIRATORY TRACT INFECTIONS' named entity 'INFECTION' named entity 'ABOUT' named entity 'ADULTS' named entity 'CAUSE' named entity 'PIV' named entity 'CHILDREN' named entity 'virus' named entity 'high' named entity 'infection' named entity 'adults' named entity 'School' named entity 'Africa' named entity 'School of Public Health' named entity 'South Africa' named entity 'epidemiologic' named entity 'univariate analysis' named entity 'HIV' named entity 'South Africa' named entity 'HIV' named entity 'February 2009' named entity 'South Africa' named entity 'respiratory disease' named entity 'respiratory disease' named entity 'type 1' named entity 'South Africa' named entity 'National Institute for Communicable Diseases' named entity 'Centers for Disease Control and Prevention' named entity 'immunization' named entity 'serostatus' named entity 'HIV infection' named entity 'HIV'

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