About: Heterogeneity of gene expression of the hemagglutinin-esterase (HE) protein of murine coronaviruses

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About: Heterogeneity of gene expression of the hemagglutinin-esterase (HE) protein of murine coronaviruses Goto Sponge NotDistinct Permalink

An Entity of Type : schema:ScholarlyArticle, within Data Space : covidontheweb.inria.fr associated with source document(s)

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type	Academic Article research paper schema:ScholarlyArticle
isDefinedBy	Covid-on-the-Web dataset
has title	Heterogeneity of gene expression of the hemagglutinin-esterase (HE) protein of murine coronaviruses
Creator	Yokomori, Kyoko Banner, Lisa Lai' Howard, Michael
Source	Elsevier; Medline; PMC
abstract	Abstract The hemagglutinin-esterase (HE) membrane glycoprotein is present only in some members of the coronavirus family, including some strains of mouse hepatitis virus (MHV). In the JHM strain of MHV, expression of the HE gene is variable and corresponds to the number of copies of a UCUAA pentanucleotide sequence present at the 3′-end of the leader RNA. This copy number varies among MHV strains, depending on their passage history. The JHM isolates with two copies of UCUAA in their leader RNA showed a high level of HE expression, whereas the JHM isolate with three copies had a low-level expression. In this study, the analysis of HE gene expression was extended to other MHV strains. The synthesis of HE mRNA in these viruses also correlates with the copy number of UCUAA in the leader RNA and the particular intergenic sequence preceding the HE gene. In one MHV strain, MHV-1, no detectable HE mRNA was synthesized, despite the presence of a proper transcription initiation signal. This lack of HE mRNA expression was consistent with a leader RNA containing three UCUAA copies. However, mutations and deletions within the coding region of the MHV-1 HE gene have generated a stretch of sequence which resembled the transcriptional initiation motif, and was shown to initiate the synthesis of a novel smaller mRNA. These findings strengthened the theory that interactions between leader RNA and transcriptional initiation sequences regulate MHV subgenomic mRNA transcription. Sequence analysis revealed that most MHV strains, through extensive mutations, deletions, or insertions, have lost the complete HE open reading frame, thus turning HE into a pseudogene. This high degree of variation is unusual as the other three structural proteins (spike, membrane, and nucleocapsid) are well-maintained. In contrast to bovine coronavirus, which apparently requires HE for viral replication, the HE protein in MHV may be only an accessory protein which is not necessary for viral replication. JHM and MHV-S, however, have preserved the expression of HE protein.
has issue date	1991-08-31(xsd:dateTime)
bibo:doi	10.1016/0042-6822(91)90994-m
bibo:pmid	1649505
has license	els-covid
sha1sum (hex)	1a1f147964d239e1f3f95a8f4147c7a7690f3152
schema:url	https://doi.org/10.1016/0042-6822%2891%2990994-m
resource representing a document's title	Heterogeneity of gene expression of the hemagglutinin-esterase (HE) protein of murine coronaviruses
has PubMed Central identifier	PMC7130567
has PubMed identifier	1649505
schema:publication	Virology
resource representing a document's body	covid:1a1f147964d239e1f3f95a8f4147c7a7690f3152#body_text
is schema:about of	named entity 'CORONAVIRUSES' named entity 'HETEROGENEITY' named entity 'HEMAGGLUTININ' named entity 'ESTERASE' named entity 'GENE EXPRESSION' named entity 'PROTEIN ' named entity 'MURINE' named entity 'Hemagglutinin-Esterase' named entity 'Gene Expression' named entity 'Coronaviruses' named entity 'Hemagglutinin-Esterase' named entity 'mRNA' named entity 'transcriptional' named entity 'MHV' named entity 'MHV' named entity 'University of Montreal' named entity 'MHV' named entity 'coding regions' named entity 'mRNA' named entity 'centrifuged' named entity 'gene' named entity 'chloroform' named entity 'serum' named entity 'Sequence analysis' named entity 'primers' named entity 'transcription initiation' named entity 'influenza C virus' named entity 'PBS' named entity 'mRNA' named entity 'vector' named entity 'copy numbers' named entity 'RNA transcription' named entity 'mRNA' named entity 'hemagglutinin-esterase' named entity 'hemagglutinin-esterase' named entity 'mRNA' named entity 'tissue culture' named entity 'cultured cells' named entity 'hemagglutinin-esterase' named entity 'hemagglutinin-esterase' named entity 'hemagglutinin-esterase' named entity 'Stohlman' named entity 'signal sequence' named entity 'intergenic' named entity '7.5' named entity 'BALB/C' named entity 'electrophoresis' named entity 'structural protein' named entity 'MHV' named entity 'nucleocapsid' named entity 'mRNA' named entity 'MHV' named entity 'protein' named entity 'monoclonal antibodies' named entity 'MHV' named entity 'hemagglutinin-esterase' named entity 'esterase' named entity 'RNA' named entity 'virions' named entity 'ultracentrifugation' named entity 'RNA extraction' named entity 'MHV' named entity 'Supernatants' named entity 'leader RNA' named entity 'MHV' named entity 'MHV' named entity 'MHV' named entity 'hemagglutinin-esterase' named entity 'hemagglutinin-esterase' named entity 'core protein' named entity 'hemagglutinin-esterase' named entity 'ORF' named entity 'MHV' named entity 'astrocytoma' named entity 'protein' named entity 'MHV' named entity 'protein' named entity 'protein expression' named entity '7.5'

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