About: Changing Priorities in Vaccinology: Antibiotic Resistance Moving to the Top

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An Entity of Type : schema:ScholarlyArticle, within Data Space : covidontheweb.inria.fr associated with source document(s)

Attributes	Values
type	Academic Article research paper schema:ScholarlyArticle
isDefinedBy	Covid-on-the-Web dataset
title	Changing Priorities in Vaccinology: Antibiotic Resistance Moving to the Top
Creator	Rappuoli, Rino Tagliabue, Aldo Ellebedy, Ali Lee, Mark Pietrocola, Giampiero Wetzler,
source	PMC
abstract	Antimicrobial resistance (AMR) is currently the most alarming issue for human health. AMR already causes 700,000 deaths/year. It is estimated that 10 million deaths due to AMR will occur every year after 2050. This equals the number of people dying of cancer every year in present times. International institutions such as G20, World Bank, World Health Organization (WHO), UN General Assembly, European Union, and the UK and USA governments are calling for new antibiotics. To underline this emergency, a list of antibiotic-resistant “priority pathogens” has been published by WHO. It contains 12 families of bacteria that represent the greatest danger for human health. Resistance to multiple antibiotics is particularly relevant for the Gram-negative bacteria present in the list. The ability of these bacteria to develop mechanisms to resist treatment could be transmitted with genetic material, allowing other bacteria to become drug resistant. Although the search for new antimicrobial drugs remains a top priority, the pipeline for new antibiotics is not promising, and alternative solutions are needed. A possible answer to AMR is vaccination. In fact, while antibiotic resistance emerges rapidly, vaccines can lead to a much longer lasting control of infections. New technologies, such as the high-throughput cloning of human B cells from convalescent or vaccinated people, allow for finding new protective antigens (Ags) that could not be identified with conventional technologies. Antibodies produced by convalescent B cell clones can be screened for their ability to bind, block, and kill bacteria, using novel high-throughput microscopy platforms that rapidly capture digital images, or by conventional technologies such as bactericidal, opsono-phagocytosis and FACS assays. Selected antibodies expressed by recombinant DNA techniques can be used for passive immunization in animal models and tested for protection. Antibodies providing the best protection can be employed to identify new Ags and then used for generating highly specific recombinant Fab fragments. Co-crystallization of Ags bound to Fab fragments will allow us to determine the structure and characteristics of new Ags. This structure-based Ag design will bring to a new generation of vaccines able to target previously elusive infections, thereby offering an effective solution to the problem of AMR.
has issue date	2018-05-30(xsd:dateTime)
bibo:doi	10.3389/fimmu.2018.01068
bibo:pmid	29910799
has license	cc-by
sha1sum (hex)	13bc396fab607d24e0dfd5b38704463d13a85c08
schema:url	https://doi.org/10.3389/fimmu.2018.01068
resource representing a document's title	Changing Priorities in Vaccinology: Antibiotic Resistance Moving to the Top
has PubMed Central identifier	PMC5992407
has PubMed identifier	29910799
schema:publication	Front Immunol
resource representing a document's body	covid:13bc396fab607d24e0dfd5b38704463d13a85c08#body_text
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