About: Antiviral Immune Responses of Bats: A Review

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An Entity of Type : schema:ScholarlyArticle, within Data Space : covidontheweb.inria.fr associated with source document(s)

Attributes	Values
type	Academic Article research paper schema:ScholarlyArticle
isDefinedBy	Covid-on-the-Web dataset
title	Antiviral Immune Responses of Bats: A Review
Creator	Baker, M Wang, L.-F Schountz, T
source	Medline; PMC
abstract	Despite being the second most species‐rich and abundant group of mammals, bats are also among the least studied, with a particular paucity of information in the area of bat immunology. Although bats have a long history of association with rabies, the emergence and re‐emergence of a number of viruses from bats that impact human and animal health has resulted in a resurgence of interest in bat immunology. Understanding how bats coexist with viruses in the absence of disease is essential if we are to begin to develop therapeutics to target viruses in humans and susceptible livestock and companion animals. Here, we review the current status of knowledge in the field of bat antiviral immunology including both adaptive and innate mechanisms of immune defence and highlight the need for further investigations in this area. Because data in this field are so limited, our discussion is based on both scientific discoveries and theoretical predictions. It is hoped that by provoking original, speculative or even controversial ideas or theories, this review may stimulate further research in this important field. Efforts to understand the immune systems of bats have been greatly facilitated in recent years by the availability of partial genome sequences from two species of bats, a megabat, Pteropus vampyrus, and a microbat, Myotis lucifugus, allowing the rapid identification of immune genes. Although bats appear to share most features of the immune system with other mammals, several studies have reported qualitative and quantitative differences in the immune responses of bats. These observations warrant further investigation to determine whether such differences are associated with the asymptomatic nature of viral infections in bats.
has issue date	2012-08-01(xsd:dateTime)
bibo:doi	10.1111/j.1863-2378.2012.01528.x
bibo:pmid	23302292
has license	no-cc
sha1sum (hex)	06e805064d1bb20d1110f5c5e5f8a306ba909021
schema:url	https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1863-2378.2012.01528.x
resource representing a document's title	Antiviral Immune Responses of Bats: A Review
has PubMed Central identifier	PMC7165715
has PubMed identifier	23302292
schema:publication	Zoonoses Public Health
resource representing a document's body	covid:06e805064d1bb20d1110f5c5e5f8a306ba909021#body_text
is schema:about of	named entity 'Responses' named entity 'Immune' named entity 'humoral immune response' named entity 'bat' named entity 'downregulated' named entity 'IFNA' named entity 'SARS' named entity 'neutralizing antibody' named entity 'infection' named entity 'immunocompetence' named entity 'replication of viruses' named entity 'bat' named entity 'amino acid sequence' named entity 'IgG' named entity 'MHC' named entity 'Mammalian Genome Project' named entity 'asymptomatic' named entity 'bat' named entity 'Australian bat lyssavirus' named entity 'lymphocytes' named entity 'immunoglobulin' named entity 'antibody response' named entity 'China' named entity 'P. giganteus' named entity 'virus' named entity 'viral infection' named entity 'MHC class II' named entity 'immune responses' named entity 'cytokines' named entity 'pseudogene' named entity 'genomes' named entity 'IL29' named entity 'mammals' named entity 'Myotis lucifugus' named entity 'IgD' named entity 'mammals' named entity 'complement fixation' named entity 'mammals' named entity 'antiviral' named entity 'virus' named entity 'stop codons' named entity 'MHC' named entity 'antiviral' named entity 'Rousettus aegyptiacus' named entity 'rabies' named entity 'virus' named entity 'IFN' named entity 'seronegative' named entity 'IFN' named entity 'TNF' named entity 'mammals' named entity 'T-cell' named entity 'binding site' named entity 'speciation' named entity 'bat' named entity 'environmental conditions' named entity 'viruses' named entity 'PBMCs' named entity 'viruses' named entity 'cytoplasmic' named entity 'deep sequencing' named entity 'loci' named entity 'transcriptional' named entity 'IFNA' named entity 'IFN' named entity 'mammals' named entity 'cluster of differentiation' named entity 'microbats' named entity 'TNF' named entity 'antibody repertoire' named entity 'physiology' named entity 'P. alecto' named entity 'biomedical research' named entity 'IFN' named entity 'C. perspicillata' named entity 'isotype switching' named entity 'immunization' named entity 'antiviral' named entity 'recognition of pathogens'

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