About: Selective evolution of Toll-like receptors 3, 7, 8, and 9 in bats

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About: Selective evolution of Toll-like receptors 3, 7, 8, and 9 in bats Goto Sponge NotDistinct Permalink

An Entity of Type : schema:ScholarlyArticle, within Data Space : covidontheweb.inria.fr associated with source document(s)

Attributes	Values
type	Academic Article research paper schema:ScholarlyArticle
isDefinedBy	Covid-on-the-Web dataset
has title	Selective evolution of Toll-like receptors 3, 7, 8, and 9 in bats
Creator	Li, Juan Zhang, Xiujuan Chen, Jinping Jiang, Haiying Li, Linmiao Yuan, Lihong
Source	Medline; PMC
abstract	Previous studies have shown that bats are reservoirs of a large number of viruses, many of which cause illness and mortality in humans and other animals. However, these bat-associated pathogens cause little, if any, clinicopathology in bats. This long-term adaptation should be reflected somewhat in the immune system. Toll-like receptors (TLRs) are the first line of immune defense against pathogens in vertebrates. Therefore, this study focuses on the selection of TLRs involved in virus recognition. The coding sequences of TLR3, TLR7, TLR8, and TLR9 were sequenced in ten bats. The selection pressure acting on each gene was also detected using branch- and site-specific methods. The results showed that the ancestor of bats and certain other bat sublineages evolved under positive selection for TLR7, TLR8, and TLR9. The highest proportion of positive selection occurred in TLR9, followed by TLR8 and TLR7. All of the positively selected sites were located in the leucine-rich repeat (LRR) domain, which implied their important roles in pathogen recognition. However, TLR3 evolved under negative selection. Our results are not in line with previous studies which identified more positively selected sites in TLR8 in mammalian species. In this study, the most positively selected sites were found in TLR9. This study encompassed more species that were considered natural reservoirs of viruses. The positive selection for TLR7, TLR8, and TLR9 might contribute to the adaptation of pathogen-host interaction in bats, especially in bat TLR9. ELECTRONIC SUPPLEMENTARY MATERIAL: The online version of this article (doi:10.1007/s00251-016-0966-2) contains supplementary material, which is available to authorized users.
has issue date	2016-12-24(xsd:dateTime)
bibo:doi	10.1007/s00251-016-0966-2
bibo:pmid	28013457
has license	no-cc
sha1sum (hex)	fb0bce3654938b8c93e5b324d2a23e90f95bb15b
schema:url	https://doi.org/10.1007/s00251-016-0966-2
resource representing a document's title	Selective evolution of Toll-like receptors 3, 7, 8, and 9 in bats
has PubMed Central identifier	PMC7079974
has PubMed identifier	28013457
schema:publication	Immunogenetics
resource representing a document's body	covid:fb0bce3654938b8c93e5b324d2a23e90f95bb15b#body_text
is schema:about of	named entity 'TOLL-LIKE RECEPTORS' named entity 'involved' named entity 'illness' named entity 'TLR3' named entity 'TLR7' named entity 'This' named entity 'DETECTED' named entity 'HUMANS' named entity 'LOCATED IN' named entity 'EVOLVED' named entity 'SELECTION PRESSURE' named entity 'CERTAIN' named entity 'ROLES' named entity 'PREVIOUS' named entity 'MAMMALIAN' named entity 'RECOGNITION' named entity 'IMMUNE SYSTEM' named entity 'GENE' named entity 'VIRUSES' named entity 'USING' named entity 'PROPORTION' named entity 'TLR7' named entity 'SPECIFIC' named entity 'VIRUS' named entity 'VERTEBRATES' named entity 'SITE' named entity 'STUDY' named entity 'LINE' named entity 'RESERVOIRS' named entity 'THESE' named entity 'CONTRIBUTE ' covid:arg/fb0bce3654938b8c93e5b324d2a23e90f95bb15b named entity 'BAT' named entity 'OTHER ANIMALS' named entity 'ILLNESS' named entity 'LARGE' named entity 'LITTLE' named entity 'DOMAIN' named entity 'TOLL-LIKE RECEPTORS' named entity 'NUMBER OF' named entity 'OCCURRED' named entity 'RESULTS' named entity 'FOUND' named entity 'STUDIES' named entity 'CAUSE' named entity 'CONSIDERED' named entity 'BATS' named entity 'OUR' named entity 'NATURAL' named entity 'EVOLUTION' named entity 'HAVE' named entity 'REFLECTED' named entity 'CODING' named entity 'METHODS' named entity 'POSITIVE SELECTION' named entity 'SELECTIVE' named entity 'HIGHEST' named entity 'IMMUNE' named entity 'INVOLVED' named entity 'THEIR' named entity 'SOMEWHAT' named entity 'SELECTION' named entity 'BRANCH' named entity 'IMPORTANT' named entity 'TLR3' named entity 'LEUCINE-RICH REPEAT' named entity 'PATHOGENS' named entity 'NEGATIVE SELECTION' named entity 'FOLLOWED BY' named entity 'TLR8' named entity 'TLR9' named entity 'ADAPTATION' named entity 'SPECIES' named entity 'DEFENSE' named entity 'BATS' named entity 'IDENTIFIED'

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