About: Natural Killer Cell Receptor Genes in Camels: Another Mammalian Model

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About: Natural Killer Cell Receptor Genes in Camels: Another Mammalian Model Goto Sponge NotDistinct Permalink

An Entity of Type : schema:ScholarlyArticle, within Data Space : covidontheweb.inria.fr associated with source document(s)

Attributes	Values
type	Academic Article research paper schema:ScholarlyArticle
isDefinedBy	Covid-on-the-Web dataset
has title	Natural Killer Cell Receptor Genes in Camels: Another Mammalian Model
Creator	Horin, Petr Burger, Knoll Burger, Pamela Elbers, Jean Futas, Jan Hollox, Edward Jelinek, April Jp, Elbers Knoll, Ales Norman, Paul Oppelt, Jan Walter, Lutz Wijacki, Jan
Source	Medline; PMC
abstract	Due to production of special homodimeric heavy chain antibodies, somatic hypermutation of their T-cell receptor genes and unusually low diversity of their major histocompatibility complex genes, camels represent an important model for immunogenetic studies. Here, we analyzed genes encoding selected natural killer cell receptors with a special focus on genes encoding receptors for major histocompatibility complex (MHC) class I ligands in the two domestic camel species, Camelus dromedarius and Camelus bactrianus. Based on the dromedary genome assembly CamDro2, we characterized the genetic contents, organization, and variability of two complex genomic regions, the leukocyte receptor complex and the natural killer complex, along with the natural cytotoxicity receptor genes NCR1, NCR2, and NCR3. The genomic organization of the natural killer complex region of camels differs from cattle, the phylogenetically most closely related species. With its minimal set of KLR genes, it resembles this complex in the domestic pig. Similarly, the leukocyte receptor complex of camels is strikingly different from its cattle counterpart. With KIR pseudogenes and few LILR genes, it seems to be simpler than in the pig. The syntenies and protein sequences of the NCR1, NCR2, and NCR3 genes in the dromedary suggest that they could be human orthologues. However, only NCR1 and NCR2 have a structure of functional genes, while NCR3 appears to be a pseudogene. High sequence similarities between the two camel species as well as with the alpaca Vicugna pacos were observed. The polymorphism in all genes analyzed seems to be generally low, similar to the rest of the camel genomes. This first report on natural killer cell receptor genes in camelids adds new data to our understanding of specificities of the camel immune system and its functions, extends our genetic knowledge of the innate immune variation in dromedaries and Bactrian camels, and contributes to studies of natural killer cell receptors evolution in mammals.
has issue date	2019-07-02(xsd:dateTime)
bibo:doi	10.3389/fgene.2019.00620
bibo:pmid	31312212
has license	cc-by
sha1sum (hex)	5ac39b49492fe7a6f53ad50d840e4ce8ed579e77
schema:url	https://doi.org/10.3389/fgene.2019.00620
resource representing a document's title	Natural Killer Cell Receptor Genes in Camels: Another Mammalian Model
has PubMed Central identifier	PMC6614441
has PubMed identifier	31312212
schema:publication	Front Genet
resource representing a document's body	covid:5ac39b49492fe7a6f53ad50d840e4ce8ed579e77#body_text
is schema:about of	named entity 'evolution' named entity 'orthologues' named entity 'organization' named entity 'The' named entity 'natural killer cell' named entity 'camel' named entity 'With' named entity 'EVOLUTION' named entity 'DOMESTIC PIG' named entity 'MAMMALS' named entity 'T-CELL RECEPTOR' covid:arg/5ac39b49492fe7a6f53ad50d840e4ce8ed579e77 named entity 'CLASS I' named entity 'SPECIAL' named entity 'ITS' named entity 'NATURAL CYTOTOXICITY RECEPTOR' named entity 'HERE' named entity 'RECEPTORS' named entity 'NEW' named entity 'POLYMORPHISM' named entity 'ENCODING' named entity 'HAVE' named entity 'VICUGNA PACOS' named entity 'CATTLE' named entity 'DATA' named entity 'GENOME ASSEMBLY' named entity 'GENOMIC' named entity 'MAJOR HISTOCOMPATIBILITY COMPLEX' named entity 'LIGANDS' named entity 'PSEUDOGENE' named entity 'RESEARCH' named entity 'ARTICLE' named entity 'IMMUNE SYSTEM' named entity 'ORGANIZATION' named entity 'REGION' named entity 'NCR3' named entity 'HIGH' named entity 'GENERALLY' named entity 'CAMELUS DROMEDARIUS' named entity 'ORIGINAL' named entity '620' named entity 'NATURAL KILLER' named entity 'VARIABILITY' named entity 'DIVERSITY' named entity 'RECEPTOR COMPLEX' named entity 'CHARACTERIZED' named entity 'DIFFERENT' named entity 'GENETIC' named entity 'ANTIBODIES' named entity 'LOW' named entity 'IMPORTANT' named entity 'SOMATIC HYPERMUTATION' named entity 'COMPLEX' named entity 'BASED' named entity 'SELECTED' named entity 'PROTEIN SEQUENCES' named entity 'CAMEL' named entity 'PIG' named entity 'LILR' named entity 'CAMELUS BACTRIANUS' named entity 'GENES' named entity 'MINIMAL' named entity 'OUR' named entity 'RECEPTOR' named entity 'PRODUCTION' named entity 'EXTENDS' named entity 'IMMUNE' named entity 'REGIONS' named entity 'UNDERSTANDING'

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